及物性与政治语篇的批评性研究

发布时间：2018-03-30 19:27

本文选题：批评语篇分析　切入点：系统功能语法　出处：《西南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：批评语言学作为一门新兴学科,在近十几年发展迅速。批评语言学为语篇分析提供了一个全新的分析视角,促进了批评语篇分析的诞生和发展。批评语篇分析关注语篇中含而不露的意识形态、权势关系和偏见,探索话语和社会文化之间隐藏的控制和不平等关系,旨在揭示语言、权利和意识形态之间的关系。系统功能语法的及物性系统在早期的批评性语篇分析著作中被视为揭示语篇中隐藏的意识形态和权势关系的有效工具。但这些论著中的及物性分析常常局限于新闻标题或者对新闻语篇,如英汉新闻语篇的对比分析,及物性对批评语篇分析的指导作用似乎并未得到充分的探索。本文认为及物性不仅能揭示新闻语篇中的隐含的意识形态和权势关系,同时也是揭示包括政治演讲、政治文学和政治新闻的政治语篇中显性和隐性权利关系和意识形态的有效分析工具。本文在系统功能语法框架内,以Halliday的及物性系统为理论出发点,选取了三篇政治演讲,George Orwell的三篇描写政治和语言关系的政治文学语篇以及从China Daily和New York Times选取的关于Bin Laden死亡的报道为政治新闻,共计十个语篇为分析语料,以此自建小型语料库。通过分析这些政治语篇中的及物性,本文试图阐明及物性是揭示语篇中意识形态和权势关系的工具。在此基础上,借鉴和结合Fairclough (1992)提出的三维分析(three dimensional analysis)框架,本文建设性地构建了“描述及物性分布特征、识解及物性表达的意义和解释及物性为何这样使用”的功能批评语篇分析框架的一部分,为读者提供方法论指导。同时,本文也具有实际的教育意义,对培养和提高语言初学者的批评语言意识有一定的启示。本文包括五章。第一章为引论,主要介绍本文的研究背景,研究意义,语料收集和论文结构。第二章是文献综述,在介绍批评语篇分析发展及不同研究视角后,重点回顾批评话语分析和政治语篇的相关研究。第三章介绍本文的理论基础,主要阐述系统功能语法的及物性理论,并指出及物性是揭示意识形态和权势关系的有效的理论分析工具。第四章主要是在及物性的理论框架内,对所选取的语篇进行定量和定性分析,进而说明如何运用及物性分析来揭示语篇中显性或隐形的意识形态和权势关系；并在借鉴和结合Fairclough (1992)三维分析的基础上,构拟出以及物性为理论框架的功能批评语篇分析框架。第五章为本文结论,主要包括：及物性是揭示意识形态和权势关系的有效分析工具；提出了以及物性为理论出发点的批评语篇分析三步分析法,并指出构建功能批评语篇分析框架的必要性；指出本文对培养和提高语言初学者的批评语言意识有一定的启示。鉴于本文的不足,本章也提出了一些研究建议,以完善系统批评语篇分析方法,以及促进和完善政治语言学的发展。
[Abstract]:As a new discipline, critical linguistics has been developing rapidly in recent years. Critical linguistics provides a new perspective for discourse analysis. It promotes the birth and development of critical discourse analysis, which focuses on the hidden ideology, power and prejudice in discourse, explores the hidden control and inequality between discourse and social culture, and aims to reveal language. The relationship between power and ideology. Systematic functional grammar and transitivity systems are seen in early critical discourse analysis works as effective tools to reveal hidden ideological and power relationships in discourse. However, the analysis of transitivity in these works is often limited to. News headlines or news discourses, For example, the contrastive analysis of English and Chinese news discourses and the guidance of transitivity to critical discourse analysis do not seem to have been fully explored. This paper argues that transitivity can not only reveal the implicit ideology and power relations in news discourse. It is also an effective analytical tool to reveal the explicit and implicit power relationship and ideology in political discourse, including political speech, political literature and political news. Within the framework of systemic functional grammar, this paper takes Halliday and transitivity system as the theoretical starting point. Three political speeches and three political literary discourses describing the relationship between politics and language, and the reports on the death of Bin Laden from China Daily and New York Times were selected as political news. By analyzing the transitivity of these political discourses, this paper attempts to clarify that transitivity is a tool to reveal the relationship between ideology and power in discourse. Referring to and combining with the framework of "three dimensional analysis" proposed by Fairclough 1992, this paper constructively constructs the description and the distribution of physical properties. The meaning and explanation of comprehension and transitivity expression, and why transitivity is used in this way, is part of the framework of functional criticism discourse analysis, which provides the readers with methodological guidance. At the same time, this paper also has practical educational significance. It has some enlightenment to cultivate and improve the language consciousness of language beginners. This paper consists of five chapters. Chapter one is an introduction, which mainly introduces the research background, significance, corpus collection and structure of the thesis. Chapter two is a literature review, which introduces the development of critical discourse analysis and different perspectives of research. The third chapter introduces the theoretical basis of this thesis, including the systemic functional grammar and the transitivity theory. It is pointed out that transitivity is an effective theoretical analysis tool to reveal the relationship between ideology and power. Chapter four is mainly devoted to the quantitative and qualitative analysis of selected texts within the theoretical framework of transitivity. Then it explains how to use and analyze transitivity to reveal the explicit or invisible ideology and power relationship in discourse, and on the basis of drawing lessons from and combining with the three-dimensional analysis of Fairclough / 1992). The fifth chapter is the conclusion of this paper, which includes: transitivity is an effective analytical tool to reveal the relationship between ideology and power; This paper puts forward a three-step analysis method of critical discourse analysis based on transitivity and points out the necessity of constructing a functional critical discourse analysis framework. It is pointed out that this paper has some implications for the cultivation and improvement of the critical language consciousness of language beginners. In view of the shortcomings of this paper, this chapter also puts forward some research suggestions in order to perfect the method of text analysis for systematic criticism. And to promote and improve the development of political linguistics.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H052

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