西华方言副词研究

发布时间：2018-03-31 23:37

本文选题：西华方言　切入点：副词　出处：《河南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以西华方言中的副词系统作为研究对象，在对系统内部各类副词详尽描写的基础之上，运用历时和共时相结合及比较的分析方法，探究西华方言副词的特殊表现和发展演变规律。本文主要有绪论和正文两大部分组成。绪论部分简单介绍了本文的研究对象和意义、西华的地理位置和方言研究现状、西华方言的声韵调系统、本文的语料来源、体例说明和研究方法。正文部分分为三章，第一章为副词研究概说，对副词的定义、归属、语法特征及分类作了简单的梳理，并且介绍了西华方言副词的研究现状。第二章分了六节，对西华方言中的26个时间频率副词、13个程度副词、6个范围副词、18个情状副词、21个语气副词、5个否定副词，一共89个副词从句法、语义、语用三个方面进行了详尽地描写。并尽可能在横的方面将其与普通话副词和周边方言的副词进行了比较研究，纵的方面与近代汉语中的相关现象进行了对比。重点分析了与普通话不同的副词在句法、语义、语用上的特殊表现，从而说明西华方言副词类型多样、数量丰富，表义细腻的特点。第三章是结语，在对西华方言中89个副词详尽描写分析和对比的基础之上，简要地归纳出了西华方言副词的特点：一、西华方言中的一部分副词带有较强的主观感情色彩。西华方言中许多非语气副词和语气副词一样带有说话人很强的主观态度，表达说话人的主观感受。如时间副词“成天、见天、天天儿、成天见、整天儿、一天到晚儿”在表示时间的同时还带有说话人看不惯或不满的情绪；程度副词“忒2”在表示程度高的同时还带有说话人委婉的责备语气；范围副词“满共、一满”在对数量进行总括的同时还带有说话人因为数量不多而不满意的情绪；情状副词“很”除了表示一直、老是、一直不停地、一个劲儿地”的情状意义之外，还带有说话人不满、责怪、或劝诫的感情色彩。二、西华方言中某些副词具有多种意义功能。西华方言中一些儿副词都是多功能词，如“斗”同时身兼三职：时间副词、范围副词、语气副词；“可”既可以表示程度，也可以用来表示强调的语气；“肯”除了表示频率以外，还是一个助动词。三、西华方言中某些副词从实词虚化过来以后仍保持它原来的意义，如“烝”、“伙”、“硬”、“干”、“八成儿”等，这些词既具有副词的特点和功能，又隐隐地带有一些实词的意义。在运用这些儿词语的时候语言显得表达细腻，形象生动。从此也可以看出，方言是语言进化的活化石。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the adverb system in Xihua dialect is taken as the research object. On the basis of the detailed description of various adverbs in the system, the analysis method of diachronic and synchronic combination and comparison is used. To explore the special expression and development of Xihua dialect adverbs. There are two main parts in this paper: introduction and text. The introduction briefly introduces the research object and significance of this paper, the geographical position of Xihua and the present situation of dialect research, the phonological tone system of Xihua dialect, the source of the corpus, the description of style and the research method. The text is divided into three chapters. The first chapter is an introduction to the study of adverbs. The definition, attribution, grammatical features and classification of adverbs are briefly combed, and the present research situation of adverbs in Xihua dialect is introduced. The second chapter is divided into six sections. For the 26 time frequency adverbs, 13 degree adverbs, 6 scope adverbs, 18 situation adverbs, 21 mood adverbs, 5 negative adverbs in Xihua dialect, a total of 89 adverbs are syntactic and semantic. The three aspects of pragmatics are described in detail and compared with the adverbs of Putonghua and the surrounding dialects as far as possible in horizontal aspects. Compared with the related phenomena in modern Chinese, this paper analyzes the special expressions of adverbs different from Putonghua in syntax, semantics and pragmatics, which shows that the types and quantities of adverbs in Xihua dialect are various and abundant. The third chapter is the conclusion. On the basis of detailed description and comparison of 89 adverbs in Xihua dialect, the characteristics of adverbs in Xihua dialect are summarized briefly: 1. Some adverbs in Xihua dialect have strong subjective feelings. Many non-modal adverbs in Xihua dialect, like mood adverbs, have a strong subjective attitude of the speaker and express the subjective feelings of the speaker. Day, day, all day, all day, all day, all day, all day, all day long son "also have the mood that the speaker is not used to or discontented at the same time, the degree adverb" Te 2 "expresses the degree to be high at the same time also with the speaker euphemism reproach tone; The range adverb "Manchu, Yi Man" not only sums up the quantity, but also carries with it the dissatisfied mood of the speaker because of the small number. In addition to the "situation" meaning, there is also the emotional color of the speaker's dissatisfaction, blame, or exhortation. Second, some adverbs in Xihua dialect have multiple meanings. Some of the children's adverbs in Xihua dialect are multifunctional words. For example, "Dou" has three functions at the same time: time adverb, range adverb, mood adverb; "can" can be used to indicate degree as well as emphasis; "Ken" is also an auxiliary verb besides frequency. Some adverbs in Xihua dialect still retain their original meaning after they have been formed into notional words, such as "Jin", "gang", "hard", "dry", "80% children" and so on. These words have the characteristics and functions of adverbs. In the use of these words, language is delicate and vivid. From this, we can also see that dialect is a living fossil of language evolution.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H17

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