朱熹《论语集注》训诂研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 16:51

本文选题：朱熹　切入点：《论语集注》　出处：《苏州大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：《论语》从东汉起列入儒家经典，到南宋朱熹集注后成为“四书”之一，是士子必读典籍之一。朱熹对《论语》相当重视，《论语集注》以义理之学发挥阐释儒家经典，是元明以后科举取士的指定教材，被奉为《论语》研究之圭臬。本文绪论部分简单介绍了《论语》成书及流传、本文选题依据及《论语集注》的研究现状。正文部分共分四章。第一章概述朱熹经学及其成就，说明本文的研究意义和方法。朱熹经学在思想上再度确立道统，把章句训诂和义理之学结合起来，以四书义理之学取代六经训诂之学，并使儒学学说世俗化。第二章从音义、校勘、义理三个角度详细探讨了朱熹《论语集注》的训诂内容。本章以音义为主要内容，分审订音读、训释语词、串讲句意、分析句读、说明语法、说明修辞、概括章旨、考证名物典制八部分。朱熹训诂内容博广全面，又细密精微。他注重对经典原文和传文的考证。朱熹在校勘考证方面主要是校订讹误、说明异文、校正衍文、补缀脱文。第三章从训诂格式、训诂方法、注点选择、注释特点四个方面将朱熹集注与郑玄等人的注释进行比较，揭示朱熹训诂的风格。朱熹训诂形式严谨，呈现“正音读—通训诂—阐文意—发义理”的模式。其训诂方法以义训为主，通过直训、辨析、概说、义界，细致地揭示出词句的具体含义。除了疏通经典文义，朱熹更多是为发挥理学宣讲，这是他区别于汉唐古注最显著的特点。从注释的格式、方法和注点的选择，归纳出朱熹训诂的风格：以“理”为本，训释词义以得“理”为目的，，继承今文经学又杂糅古文长于训诂的特色，注重理学宣讲。第四章则从朱熹《论语集注》看其理学思想，从本体论、心性论、格物致知论三个类别进行诠释。朱熹将理气这一对概念的关系穿插在《论语集注》中，认为理主气、理生气、理在气先、理一分殊，提出心兼性情、心统性情，提倡从人的心性之中发掘成人之道，“理欲说”强调内在纯粹道德意志的自律，“格物致知”提出了系统有效的道德修养方法。
[Abstract]:The Analects of Confucius was included in the Confucian Classics from the Eastern Han Dynasty and became one of the "four Books" after Zhu Xi collected notes in the Southern Song Dynasty.Zhu Xi attached great importance to the Analects of Confucius, the Analects of Analects of Confucius to explain the Confucian classics with the theory of justice, is the imperial examination after the Yuan and Ming Dynasty, the designated teaching materials, is regarded as the Analects of Confucius study.The introduction of this paper briefly introduces the writing and circulation of Analects of Confucius, the basis of this paper and the research status of Analects of Analects.The text is divided into four chapters.The first chapter summarizes Zhu Xi's Confucian classics and its achievements, and explains the significance and methods of this paper.Zhu Xi reestablished Taoism ideologically, combined the study of Zhang sentence exegesis with the study of righteousness and theory, replaced the study of six classics exegesis with the study of four books, and secularized Confucianism.The second chapter discusses the exegetical contents of Zhu Xi's Analects of Analects from three angles: phonetic meaning, collation and theory.The main content of this chapter is phonetics, reading, explaining words, stringing sentences, reading analytical sentences, explaining grammar, explaining rhetoric, generalizing the tenor of Zhang, and verifying the system of famous things.Zhu Xi exegesis content broad and comprehensive, and meticulous and subtle.He focuses on textual research of the original texts and texts.Zhu Xi in collation and textual research is mainly correction error, explain foreign text, correct Yan Wen, complement off text.The third chapter compares Zhu Xi's notes with those of Zheng Xuan's from four aspects: exegesis format, exegesis method, injection point selection and annotation characteristics, and reveals the style of Zhu Xi exegesis.Zhu Xi's exegetical form is rigorous, presenting the pattern of "correct pronunciation reading-general exegesis-expounding meaning-meaning theory".Its exegetical method is mainly about righteousness training, which reveals the concrete meaning of words and sentences in detail through direct training, discrimination, generality and meaning.In addition to dredging the classical literary meaning, Zhu Xi is more to give play to the preaching of Neo-Confucianism, which is the most remarkable characteristic of his distinguishing notes from the ancient notes of Han and Tang dynasties.From the choice of annotation format, method and injection point, this paper sums up the style of Zhu Xi's exegesis: taking "reason" as the basis, explaining the meaning of the word for the purpose of "reason", inheriting the modern literary classics and combining the ancient texts with the characteristics of the exegesis, and paying attention to the preaching of the Neo-Confucianism.The fourth chapter looks at his Neo-Confucianism thoughts from Zhu Xi's Analects of Analects, and interprets them from three categories: ontology, mental nature and materialistic knowledge.The theory of reason and desire emphasizes the self-discipline of the inner pure moral will, and the method of systematic and effective moral cultivation is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H13

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