现代汉语程度副词系统的演变

发布时间：2018-04-02 21:51

本文选题：程度副词　切入点：演变　出处：《首都师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：程度副词是副词的一个次类,对表示程度或加强语气有很重要的作用,使用频率较高。清中叶到20世纪60年代,近代汉语逐渐步入现代汉语。程度副词作为重要的表达手段必然参与到这个巨大的语言演变中。分析程度副词系统的演变,对于全面认识汉语的历时变化,认识现代汉语词类系统,是很有必要的。据本文作者检索,目前学界尚未对这一演变作出全面的调查研究。本文从国内极具影响的语法专著所列的程度副词范围中综合析出了48个词构成了本文所要研究的程度副词系统,穷尽考察了各程度副词的使用频率和相对数量百分率、程度副词的结合项、程度副词与其结合项在句中所作的句法成分以及所在的句类等方而的情况。本文选取了清中叶到20世纪60年代这200年间具有代表性的、文学作品式的语言材料作为研究对象,将这个时期的程度副词演变分为七个阶段。在详尽的定量统计和定性分析的基础上,对程度副词系统在各个阶段的使用情况做了全面的描述,对程度副词系统的差异做了细致、全面的对比研究,并尝试对程度副词系统的演变差异作出尽可能合理的解释。文章第一章为引言,论述了选题的意义和研究的方法,第二至八章中分别讨论了程度副词在这七个阶段的具体使用情况,并从时间顺序上,把各阶段两两进行对比。其中,《红楼梦》处于早期现代汉语阶段,表现出不同于以后各阶段的诸多“特例”。第九章从语料的绝对数量和相对百分比两方面对程度副词做了系统的分析,总结出程度副词的演变类型程度副词系统的演变方向有“累积(继承)、新生、中断、消失”四种。本文认为,200年间程度副词的使用情况是逐渐摒弃初期的繁杂“特例”而向齐整和规范的“主流”方向发展。这说明语言在追求经济和丰富表达手段两个方面尽可能保持平衡,并需要不断以各种方式作出自我调整。
[Abstract]:Degree adverb is a subclass of adverbs, which plays an important role in expressing degree or strengthening mood and is used frequently.From the middle of Qing Dynasty to the 1960's, modern Chinese gradually stepped into modern Chinese.As an important means of expression, degree adverbs are bound to participate in this huge language evolution.It is necessary to analyze the evolution of degree adverb system for understanding the diachronic changes of Chinese and the part of speech system of modern Chinese.According to the author's search, there is no comprehensive investigation and research on this evolution.In this paper, 48 words are synthetically separated from the range of degree adverbs listed in the influential grammatical monographs in China, which constitute the degree adverb system to be studied in this paper, and the frequency of use and the relative number percentage of adverbs of various degrees are studied.The combination of degree adverbs, the syntactic components of degree adverbs and their combinations in the sentence and the situation of the sentence category in which the degree adverbs are located.This paper selects the representative literary language materials from the middle Qing Dynasty to the 1960s as the research object, and divides the degree adverb evolution of this period into seven stages.On the basis of detailed quantitative statistics and qualitative analysis, this paper makes a comprehensive description of the use of degree adverb system in each stage, and makes a detailed and comprehensive comparative study on the differences of degree adverb system.And tries to make the reasonable explanation to the degree adverb system evolution difference as far as possible.The first chapter is the introduction, which discusses the significance of the topic and the research methods. The second to eighth chapters respectively discuss the specific use of degree adverbs in these seven stages, and compare each stage in terms of time order.Among them, A Dream of Red Mansions is in the early modern Chinese stage, showing many special cases which are different from the later stages.Chapter 9 makes a systematic analysis of degree adverbs from two aspects of absolute number and relative percentage of corpus, and concludes that the evolution of degree adverb system has four kinds: accumulation (inheritance, new life, interruption and disappearance).This paper holds that the use of adverbs of degree in the past 200 years is to gradually abandon the complicated "special cases" of the initial period and to develop towards the "mainstream" direction of uniformity and standardization.This shows that language is as balanced as possible in the pursuit of economy and rich means of expression, and needs to constantly adjust itself in various ways.
【学位授予单位】：首都师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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