美国汉语教学的历史、现状、问题和对策

发布时间：2018-04-04 10:09

本文选题：第二语言　切入点：汉语教育　出处：《黑龙江大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文研究的课题是“美国汉语教学的历史、现状、问题和对策”，文章共分六个部分，包括绪论、四章正文和结语。绪论首先介绍近几年美国“汉语热”的背景，其次综述了历年来国内外语言学家对美国汉语教学研究取得的成果，最后说明了本文的创新之处。第一章介绍了美国的基本国情以及在多元文化背景下语言使用的状况，分析了中美两国关系的现状，阐述了汉语在当代美国社会的重要地位。接着通过实地调查所得的美国华侨使用汉语的情况以及美国人对汉语的看法，并解释了近几年美国突然刮起“汉语热”旋风的原因。第二章通过对大量中英文相关文献资料的整合，概述了美国汉语教育的起源和发展历程：从19世纪40年代华工的“中文学习班”，一直到近几年中国政府在美兴办“孔子学院”，时间跨度达一百多年，汉语教育从无到有、由点到面、由初级到大学、由识字教育到专业教育、由民间自发到政府规定的课程设置的沧桑变化。第三章通过对美国纽约两所学校的汉语课堂实地调查和所得情况的详述，从师资状况、课程安排、教材使用状况全面阐述了美国汉语教育的现状，并分析了美国汉语教学中存在的问题。着重介绍了美国中小学最新的第二语言教学法“5C教学法”的教学目标和策略。第四章讨论了发展美国汉语教育的策略，就师资配置，课堂安排以及评估标准等方面进行分析，权衡取舍，，找出认为最适合美国汉语教育的教学法。本文通过文献资料和实地调查材料深入讨论了美国华侨的汉语使用状况以及在美国汉语教学的现状，指出了美国汉语教学存在的问题和面临的挑战，并尝试提出可行的解决方法。相信本文对优化美国汉语教学有重要的理论意义和实践意义。
[Abstract]:The subject of this paper is "the history, present situation, problems and countermeasures of American Chinese teaching", which is divided into six parts, including introduction, four chapters text and conclusion.The introduction first introduces the background of American "Chinese craze" in recent years, then summarizes the achievements made by linguists at home and abroad in American Chinese teaching over the years, and finally explains the innovation of this paper.The first chapter introduces the basic national conditions of the United States and the use of language in the context of multiculturalism, analyzes the current situation of Sino-American relations, and expounds the important position of Chinese in contemporary American society.Then, through field investigation, the situation of overseas Chinese in the United States and the views of Americans on Chinese language are analyzed, and the reasons for the whirlwind of "Chinese fever" in the United States in recent years are explained.The second chapter summarizes the origin and development of Chinese language education in the United States through the integration of a large number of relevant documents in both Chinese and English.In recent years, the Chinese government has set up a "Confucius Institute" in the United States, which has a history of more than 100 years. Chinese language education has grown from scratch, from point to surface, from elementary to university, from literacy to professional education.The vicissitudes of vicissitudes from the private sector to the curriculum provided by the government.The third chapter elaborates the current situation of Chinese language education in the United States from the teachers' status, the curriculum arrangement and the use of teaching materials through the field investigation and detailed analysis of the situation of the Chinese language classroom in two American schools in New York.It also analyzes the existing problems in American Chinese teaching.This paper mainly introduces the teaching objectives and strategies of the latest second language teaching method in American primary and secondary schools, namely "5C Teaching method".The fourth chapter discusses the strategies of developing American Chinese language education, analyzes the allocation of teachers, classroom arrangement and evaluation criteria, and finds out the teaching method that is the most suitable for American Chinese education.Based on the literature and field investigation, this paper discusses the current situation of Chinese language use and teaching in the United States, and points out the problems and challenges in Chinese teaching in the United States.And try to put forward the feasible solution.It is believed that this paper has important theoretical and practical significance for optimizing American Chinese teaching.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

【引证文献】