留学生近义词习得偏误分析与教学对策研究

发布时间：2018-04-04 15:11

本文选题：对外汉语教学　切入点：近义词　出处：《辽宁师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：对外汉语教学中，词汇教学贯穿汉语教学的始终，是对外汉语教学必不可少的重要环节之一，其中，近义词的大量存在为汉语教学提供了丰富的语料，使得汉语的表达更加多样，表义更为贴切。但与此同时，近义词由于其意义相近，词形相似也给留学生的汉语学习带来了很大的困难。虽然近义词的研究在汉语本体研究范围内已日渐成熟，但是，由于对外汉语教学教学对象与教学目标的特殊性，很多本体的教学与研究方法已不能满足教学的需要。因此，找到最适合对外汉语近义词的教学方法与对策是对外汉语教学亟需解决的问题。本文首先对“近义词”这一术语进行了界定，然后从留学生习得偏误实例入手，根据偏误产生的特点进行归纳与分析，在汉语本体辨析方法的基础上，结合教学实际，提出行之有效的近义词教学方法与对策。论文的主体包括以下五个部分： 1.总结学界对“同义词”与“近义词”的定义及三种判定方法，综合对外汉语教学中对“同义词”与“近义词”界定的分析，指出在对外汉语近义词教学中采用“近义词”的名称进行教学与研究更为合适。明确了研究对象与研究范围。 2.阐述了偏误的几种类型，，将搜集的留学生近义词习得偏误实例进行分析总结，分别从“理性义”、“不同词类”以及“色彩义”三个方面对偏误实例进行归类与分析。 3.结合偏误类型分析偏误产生的原因。偏误的产生既有汉语自身特点的原因，也有母语与目的语不同的因素，另外词典释义的模糊繁琐也是偏误产生的原因之一。 4.从汉语本体角度考察近义词辨析的几种方法，其中重点论述了三个平面理论在对外汉语近义词教学中的应用，为对外汉语近义词教学提供行之有效的教学方法。 5.结合上述四大部分进行分析，提出了对外汉语近义词教学对策以及需要注意的问题，近义词教学要尽量避免偏误的发生，重视语素在近义词教学中的重要作用，并注意结合语境与中国文化知识。
[Abstract]:In the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, vocabulary teaching runs through the Chinese teaching all the time and is one of the indispensable important links in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. Among them, the existence of a large number of synonyms provides rich corpus for the teaching of Chinese.It makes the expression of Chinese more diverse and the meaning more appropriate.But at the same time, synonyms are similar in meaning and form, which makes it difficult for foreign students to learn Chinese.Although the research of synonyms has matured gradually in the scope of Chinese ontology research, due to the particularity of teaching object and teaching goal, many ontology teaching and research methods can not meet the needs of teaching.Therefore, to find the most suitable teaching methods and countermeasures for Chinese synonyms as a foreign language is an urgent problem to be solved in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.This paper first defines the term "synonym", and then starts with the example of foreign students' acquisition of errors, induces and analyzes them according to the characteristics of errors, and combines the teaching practice with the method of Chinese ontology discrimination.The effective teaching methods and countermeasures of synonyms are put forward.The main body of the thesis consists of the following five parts:1.This paper summarizes the definitions of synonyms and synonyms and their three judging methods in academic circles, and synthesizes the analysis of the definitions of synonyms and synonyms in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.It is pointed out that it is more appropriate to use the name of "synonym" in teaching Chinese synonyms as a foreign language.The research object and scope are defined.2.This paper expounds several types of errors, analyzes and summarizes the examples of errors in the acquisition of foreign students' synonyms, classifies and analyzes them from three aspects of "rational meaning", "different parts of speech" and "color meaning".3.Combined with the type of errors to analyze the causes of errors.The errors are caused by the characteristics of Chinese and the differences between the mother tongue and the target language. The ambiguity of dictionary interpretation is also one of the reasons for the errors.4.This paper investigates several methods of synonym discrimination from the perspective of Chinese Noumenon, which focuses on the application of three plane theories in the teaching of Chinese synonyms as a foreign language, which provides an effective teaching method for teaching Chinese synonyms as a foreign language.5.Based on the analysis of the four parts mentioned above, the author puts forward the countermeasures and problems to be paid attention to in the teaching of Chinese synonyms as a foreign language. The teaching of synonyms should avoid errors as far as possible and attach importance to the important role of morpheme in the teaching of synonyms.And pay attention to the combination of context and Chinese cultural knowledge.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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