汉语“有一种……叫（做）……”构式的范畴化研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 10:27

本文选题：汉语“有一种……叫（做）……”构式　切入点：范畴化　出处：《河南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在认知语言学框架下，基于Hopper and Thompson（1984）提出的语言去范畴化是语言范畴化理论的重要组成部分的论断，本文对汉语“有一种……叫（做）……”构式进行研究，旨在探求近几年来流行的这种构式的创新性应用，本文称其为“构式2”的特性，“构式2”与其传统用法，文中称“构式1”的关联，并在此基础上，研究该构式的动态范畴化过程。本文的研究对象“构式2”为旨在凸显事物某一特征的图形—背景构式，通过构式中“叫（做）”前后两个成分之间的语义关系凸显后者。二者之间的语义关系为：行为与方式，事物与事物属性/特征，因果或相反相对等。该构式的句法表现形式为：[有一种+……+叫（做）+……]。“叫（做）”前后两个成分可由形容词（短语）、动词（短语）、副词（短语）、名词（短语）、成语甚至小句充当。 “构式1”为体现两种事物之间属种逻辑关系的属种构式，构式中“叫（做）”之前的成分为其后成分的上位概念。一般由[有一种+名词（短语）1+叫（做）+名词（短语）2]构成，表示举例或归类。本文通过对所建构式2的封闭语料库的详细统计，对构式2在句法、语义和语用方面的特性进行阐释，并在此基础上，提出构式2与“有一种……叫（做）……”构式的传统应用，即构式1直接相关，但经历了去范畴化和再范畴化。汉语“有一种……叫（做）……”构式经历了动态范畴化过程。动态范畴化过程包括三个阶段：范畴化、去范畴化和再范畴化，去范畴化是动态范畴化理论的中心部分。本文对构式2去范畴化特征及去范畴化和再范畴化的工作机制进行了深入研究。据此，构式2的特殊性与构式2产生机制得到了阐释。对构式2产生动因与机制的研究有助于对该构式的理解。本文的主要发现如下： 1.在对构式2的产生动因和机制研究方面，基于Hopper and Thompson关于去范畴化是语言范畴化理论的有机组成部分的观点并，本文提出了动态范畴化过程的理论框架，即范畴化+去范畴化+再范畴化。该框架以为去范畴化中心。通过运用这一框架对汉语“有一种……叫（做）……”构式的研究，我们发现，动态范畴化理论可以很好地揭示特定语言实体发展变化的过程。 2.根据研究需要建立了构式2的封闭语料库。通过对所建语料库的详细统计研究了构式2的特征。与构式1相比，句法上，“叫（做）”前后两成分的词性实现了突破，，可由除名词短语以外的形容词短语、动词短语、成语及小句充当。语义上，“叫（做）”前后两成分的语义关系得到拓展，可为：行为与方式，事物与事物属性/特征，因果或相反相对等。语用方面，构式2一般用来表现说话人的强烈的个人情感，可为褒义或贬义。 3.为了阐释本文理论框架，本文对去范畴化和再范畴化的工作机制进行了深入探究。对汉语“有一种……叫（做）……”构式的研究发现，去范畴化与再范畴化的工作机制除了隐喻和转喻，还包括矛盾修饰。
[Abstract]:In the framework of cognitive linguistics and based on Hopper and Thompsonian (1984), it is concluded that language de-categorization is an important part of the theory of linguistic categorization.Call out (to do sth). "The purpose of this study is to explore the innovative application of this kind of construction, which is popular in recent years. This paper calls it the characteristic of "construction 2", the relationship between "construction 2" and its traditional usage, and the relationship between "construction 1" and "construction 1".The dynamic categorization process of the construction is studied.The object of this paper, "Construction 2", is a graphic-background structure which is designed to highlight a certain feature of a thing. The latter is highlighted by the semantic relationship between the two components before and after "call (do)" in the construction.The semantic relations between them are: behavior and manner, attribute / characteristic of thing and thing, causality or opposite.The syntactic expression of the construction is: [there is a).Call (do).The two elements before and after "call (do)" can be used as adjectives (phrases), verbs (phrases), adverbs (phrases), nouns (phrases, idioms and even clauses)."Construction 1" is a taxa structure which reflects the logical relationship between two kinds of things. The component before "doing" in the construction is the upper concept of the latter component.It is generally composed of [a noun (phrase 1 called) noun (phrase 2), indicating an example or classification.Based on the detailed statistics of the closed corpus of the constructed 2, this paper explains the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic characteristics of the construction 2, and on this basis proposes that there is a kind of construction 2 and ".Call out (to do sth). "The traditional application of construction, that is, construction 1, is directly related, but it has gone through de-categorization and re-categorization.There is one kind of Chinese.Call out (to do sth). "The construction goes through the process of dynamic categorization.The process of dynamic categorization consists of three stages: categorization, de-categorization and re-categorization, and de-categorization is the central part of the theory of dynamic categorization.In this paper, the characteristics of structure 2 de-categorization and the working mechanism of de-categorization and de-categorization are studied.Accordingly, the particularity of construction 2 and the mechanism of formation 2 are explained.The study of the motivation and mechanism of formation 2 is helpful to the understanding of the construction.The main findings of this paper are as follows:1.Based on Hopper and Thompson's view that de-categorization is an integral part of the theory of linguistic categorization, the theoretical framework of dynamic categorization process is proposed in this paper.That is categorization, de-categorization and subcategorization.The framework is thought to be a decategorization center.By using this framework, there is a kind of "Chinese".Call out (to do sth). "We find that the theory of dynamic categorization can well reveal the process of development and change of specific language entities.2.A closed corpus of construction 2 is established according to the need of the research.The characteristics of construction 2 are studied through the detailed statistics of the constructed corpus.Syntactically, the part of speech of "call (do)" can be broken through by adjective phrase, verb phrase, idiom and clause except noun phrase.Semantically, the semantic relationship between the two components before and after "call (do)" has been expanded, which can be as follows: behavior and manner, property / characteristic of thing and thing, causality or opposite.In pragmatics, construction 2 is generally used to express the speaker's strong personal feelings, which can be positive or derogatory.3.In order to explain the theoretical framework of this paper, this paper explores the working mechanism of de-categorization and recategorization.There is a kind of Chinese.Call out (to do sth). "The study of construction reveals that the mechanism of de-categorization and recategorization includes not only metaphor and metonymy, but also contradictory modification.
【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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