汉语连动式形成机制的认知研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 21:20

本文选题：现代汉语连动式　切入点：结构-边界原则　出处：《河南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以现代汉语连动式为考察对象，主要考察其形成动因。现代汉语连动式是指两个或两个以上动词或动词短语连用，且它们之间没有连接词或语音停顿的句式。句式中所有的动词都描述同一个主语，且动词的排列次序体现出动作发生的时间次序或是逻辑顺序。前人在连动式的范围界定，定义描述方面作出了突出贡献，并从传统语言学、生成语言学方面对其性质作出了研究，但是在连动式的形成机制方面仍然有待进一步探讨。本研究运用刘辰诞提出的结构-边界原则解释现代汉语连动式的形成机制，并通过解释过程力图回答以下问题：现代汉语连动式的形成动因是什么？连动式中的动词结构为何可以并置？连动式中的论元融合的组织原则是什么？根据结构-边界原则，我们做出关于现代汉语连动式形成动因的如下假设：为表达经济，在句法论元结构(SVC)中，，如果两个动词结构所描述的动作在语义或逻辑上紧密相关，且享有共同的论元，则在完形趋向律的相邻原则指导下，两个动词结构可以放置一起。后一结构的重复论元须移动至前一结构的论元位置与其融合，论元的移动融合须遵守内部默认原则，从而保证不破坏整个结构的完好性。结构-边界原则认为，语言表达式的良构性和可接受性在于结构-边界统一体的完整性。现代汉语连动式的形成过程是在保证结构边界统一体完整性的基础上形成的。根据我们的假设，只有在两个成分动词结构在语义上或逻辑上紧密相关且有相同的论元时，才能将他们合理地并置。并置后的重复论元须经过融合才能使原来的成分结构被重新分析为一个整体结构。一方面连动式中的两个动作有共同的论元，即语义上来说这两个动作有共同的施事者或是受事者；另一方面，两者之间有语义上或是逻辑上的关联。这两点满足了假设中的条件，在完形趋向律相邻原则的作用下，距离越近的个体成分越容易在识解中被感知为一个整体，把这两个相关联又有共同论元的结构并置易于识解者将其识解为整体从而建立结构-边界统一体。并置后的结构会出现重复论元。为了达到经济省力的目的，在连动式的形成过程中，后一个动词结构的重复论元应移动到前一结构内的相应论元位置与其融合。论元的移动和融合必须遵循内部默认准则，发生在前一结构的边界之内，才能保证不破坏整个结构的完好性和可接受性。本研究得出以下发现： (1)动词结构并置和论元融合这两个过程都是在结构-边界原则指导下进行的，该原则对现代汉语连动式的形成机制提供了充分解释。 (2)连动式中的动词结构有紧密的语义或逻辑关系。结构-边界原则为动词结构的并置提供了合理依据，并促使这些组成成分在识解过程中构成结构-边界统一体。 (3)该原则中的内部默认次则，是连动式中论元融合且结构得以维持其合理性的动因。
[Abstract]:This paper is based on the modern Chinese verb as the object of study, mainly study on the cause of formation. Serial verb constructions in modern Chinese refers to two or more than two verbs or verb phrase, and they are not connected word or speech pause sentence. All the verbs in the same sentence describing the main language, and verb order reflect the action time order or logical order. In the range of linkage type definition, and made outstanding contributions to the definition of the description, and from traditional linguistics, generative linguistics has made a research on its nature, but in terms of the formation mechanism of linkage remains to be further explored. This research uses the structure - Liu Chen Dan the proposed boundary principle to explain the formation mechanism of the linkage of modern Chinese style, and through the explanation of the process tries to answer the following questions: what is the modern Chinese type linkage linkage in the motivation? Why can the verb structure be juxtaposed? What is the organizational principle of the fusion of arguments in the continuous movement?
According to the structure boundary principle, we make the following assumptions about modern Chinese verb formation reason: for the expression of economic argument structure in the syntax (SVC), if the two verb structure described the action closely related semantically or logically, and enjoy the argument together, in the guiding principle of adjacent Gestalt under the law, the two verb structure can be placed together. After repeated argument position on a structure element must move to a structure with fusion, mobile argument fusion shall abide by the principle of internal default, so as to guarantee the integrity of the whole structure damage.
According to the structure boundary principle, language expressions, well formedness and acceptability is the integrity of the structure boundary unity. The formation process of serial verb constructions in modern Chinese is in that form the base structure boundary unity on integrity. According to our assumptions, only when the two components are closely related in the verb structure semantically or logically and are of the same, they can be reasonably juxtaposed. Repeat after the yuan to go through on the juxtaposition of fusion to make the original structure components are re analyzed as a whole structure. On the one hand the two movements linked the argument together, namely semantic it the two movement is a common agent or patient; on the other hand, between the semantic or logical connection. The two meet the assumed conditions, the Gestalt law of adjacent principle under the action of the closer one Body composition more easily in the construal is perceived as a whole, to the two joint and common argument structure juxtaposition easy construal will be construed as to establish the overall structure boundary unity. After structural juxtaposition makes repeated argument. In order to achieve the purpose of saving the economy. In the process of forming linkage, after a repeat of the verb structure element should be moved to the corresponding argument before a position within the structure of its fusion and fusion. The mobile argument must follow the internal default criteria, occurs within the previous structure of the boundary, in order to ensure the integrity and acceptability the whole structure.
The findings of this study are as follows:
(1) the two processes of verb structure juxtaposition and argument integration are all conducted under the guidance of the structure boundary principle, which provides a full explanation for the formation mechanism of modern Chinese serial verb interaction.
(2) verb constructions in a serial verb have close semantic or logical relations. The structure boundary principle provides a reasonable basis for the juxtaposition of verb structures, and promotes these components to form a structural boundary unity in the process of construal.
(3) the principle of internal default time, is the linkage argument structure to maintain its rationality and fusion motivation.

【学位授予单位】：河南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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