词义发展论说

发布时间：2018-04-09 21:33

本文选题：词义演变　切入点：方向　出处：《汉语学报》2011年03期

【摘要】：本文探讨汉语词义发展演变的几个问题。派出和派进讨论词义发展的方向。词义的发展演变是有方向的,有的词语会从原先的意思发展出别的意思,我们称之为"派出";派出的意思叫"派出义",具有这些派出义的词就是"派出词"。与之相对应,有些词义,在语言里原本没有词语来表达它,就会从别的词语里派生出一个意思来表达它,也就是说,某一个概念由别的词发展而来,我们把这种词义的演变现象称作"派进";由别的词派生进来的意思叫"派进义",这类派生进来的词就是"派进词"。从语言的发展来看,具有派生功能的这些词语是古老的;而派进的词是后起的。从数量来看,语言里,"派进词"数量最为庞大。假借是文字问题,但跟词义演变有密切关系,滥言假借是不可取的。深层对应是历史比较的一种方法,亲属语言同音词的比较,学者所界定的同音词,可能也有语义上的联系。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses several problems in the development and evolution of Chinese word meaning.Send and send to discuss the direction of word meaning development.There is a direction in the development and evolution of the meaning of a word. Some words may develop other meanings from the original meaning, which we call "dispatch"; the meaning of dispatch is "dispatched meaning", and the word with these meanings is "dispatched word".In contrast, some meanings, which are not originally expressed by words in a language, derive a meaning from other words to express it, that is, a concept developed from another word.We refer to the evolution of the meaning of the word as "Paijin"; the derivative of other words is "Paijin", which is called "Paijin".From the development of language, these words with the function of derivation are old; the words sent in are later.In terms of quantity, the largest number of words are sent in.False loan is a problem of words, but it is closely related to the evolution of word meaning.Deep correspondence is a method of historical comparison. The comparison of homophones in relatives' languages and the homonyms defined by scholars may also have semantic connections.
【作者单位】：华中师范大学语言与语言教育研究中心;华中科技大学中国语言研究所/国学院汉语史中心;
【基金】：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“汉语核心词研究”(项目编号:10JJD740011)的研究成果
【分类号】：H13

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