“还NP呢”句式研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 11:29

本文选题：“还NP呢” + 句法环境　；参考：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：与英语等构形语言相比，汉语的形式控制性特征较弱，其词序和组构成分的层级并不是一成不变的，而是存在着许多不符合语言典型构型的现象。尤其是近年来的“副+名”结构，因其特殊性不断引发学者们的讨论。到目前为止，这类句式研究还是比较成熟的，但在“还NP呢”句式本身的研究方面，以及类似句式间的对比分析方面，尚稍显单薄。因此，本文力求在前人基础上，对“还NP呢”格式进行深入探究。 “还NP呢”句式的构成特点句式表现为：句式本身为状中结构，中心词为名词，，但句式中却出现了副词“还”，语气词“呢”一般不能省略，在形式上表现“副+名+呢”，其中“还”和“呢”为常项，NP为变项且呈现出谓词化趋势。对于这类结构，既不能单纯从语义角度解释，也不能完全通过语法规则进行说明。单纯从语义角度进行解释则难以摆脱语感的限制，增加了对外汉语教学及跨文化交际的难度；完全通过语法规则更是无从下手。因此，本文引入认知语言学的部分观点，在整体考察期其在“副+名”结构系统中的地位的基础上，从句法形式，语义特征，以及认知机制等多角度对“还NP呢”句式深层生成机制进行探讨。由于“还NP呢”句式由两个常量和一个变量构成，因此本文将对常量和变量分别进行分析，再回归句式整体，从部分到整体，综合探讨语义及语用的制约机制。在对各项的分析上，本文主要采用的方法有：语义背景分析法，最小比较法（共同成分分析法），以及微观分析法。除此之外，本文还使用了扩展法，变换分析等传统观点，力求以经语言研究实践证实了的方法来解决新的语言问题。
[Abstract]:Compared with other formative languages such as English, the formal control characteristics of Chinese are weaker, and the levels of word order and fabric elements are not fixed, but there are many phenomena which do not conform to the typical configuration of the language.Especially in recent years, the structure of "deputy name" has aroused the discussion of scholars because of its particularity.Up to now, the study of this kind of sentence pattern is quite mature, but in the aspect of "returning NP" sentence pattern itself, and the comparative analysis of similar sentence pattern, it is still a little weak.Therefore, this paper tries to explore the format of "returning NP" on the basis of predecessors.Among them, "return" and "er" are constant terms and NP are variables and present a tendency of predicate.For this kind of structure, it can not be explained only from the semantic point of view, nor can it be explained entirely by grammatical rules.It is difficult to get rid of the limitation of language sense and make it more difficult to teach Chinese as a foreign language and to communicate with other cultures simply from the angle of semantics.Therefore, this paper introduces some viewpoints of cognitive linguistics, on the basis of its position in the system of "associate name" structure, from the syntactic form and semantic features.And cognitive mechanism and so on to "return NP" sentence structure deep generation mechanism is discussed.Since the sentence pattern of "returning NP" consists of two constants and one variable, this paper will analyze the constant and the variable separately, and then return the sentence form to the whole, from part to whole, and discuss the semantic and pragmatic restriction mechanism synthetically.The main methods used in this paper are: semantic background analysis, minimum comparison method (common component analysis), and micro analysis method.In addition, this paper also uses the traditional viewpoints such as extension method and transformation analysis to solve the new language problem with the method proved by language research practice.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】