基于北京大学汉语语料库的名词转类形容词研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 21:22

本文选题：北京大学汉语语料库 + 第五版《现代汉语词典》　；参考：《北京交通大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：名词和形容词属于语言中最重要的词类。词类转换是指不改变词的形态,把一个词从一种词类直接转化为另一种词类,从而使该词具有新的意义和作用。就本研究而言,具体指的是汉语中的一些名词在不经过任何词形上的改变而直接用于形容词的现象。通过对名词转形容词的研究,发现认知语言学派和功能语言学派在不同程度上地对名词转形容词现象有个别案例描写和理论解释,这为笔者理解这一语言现象提供借鉴。但是,也存在以下方面的局限性：1)观察充分性不足：有大部分对名词转形容词的典型案例反复研究,语料稀缺又陈旧,急需一些新鲜语料的输入；2)在孤立的词语和句子层面来考察名词转形容词的语法特征,而忽略了其在语篇、语用层面的表现,缺乏对该类词语在不同文本类型里的分布与出现频率方面的描写。为了弥补之前研究的不足,本研究在以下方面做了有益的尝试。第一,为弥补之前研究观察充分性不足的缺点,本研究在《现代汉语词典》(第5版)(以下简称《现汉》)和北京大学现代汉语语料库(以下简称CCL)的框架下进行,收集现代汉语名词转形容词的案例语料,并建立现代汉语名词转形容词的转类语料库。首先将《现汉》中标注了名词词性到北京大学现代汉语语料库中,下载相关的语料,并借助名词和形容词的语法特征以及形容词的句法槽进行甄别,收集所有包含名词转形容词的语料,从而建立可以清楚的展示现代汉语中有哪些名词正在经历转类形容词的语料库,可以看到在何种体裁下名词被用作形容词及其详细的分布图,为进一步研究提供了真实的、新鲜的语料。第二,为了弥补之前研究描写充分性不足的缺点,作者将对名转形容词的语料进行定量和定性描写,并分析转类语料在体裁上的分布状况、转类频率状况和语料来源的说明。本研究共有六章,第一章介绍了名词转形容词的研究的背景、意义、方法、目标等。第二章是名转形的相关文献综述,从语法、功能等角度阐述研究情况。第三章介绍如何使用现代汉语词典以及北京大学现代汉语语料库来完成汉语名转形的词语库建设,主要是CCL语料的收集过程与转类词的判断标准。第四章将分别从名转形在各类体裁中的总体分布特征及其分布概率进行描写。第五章是语法隐喻结合案例的理论解释。第六章是总结研究的成果及对今后研究的建议。
[Abstract]:Nouns and adjectives are among the most important parts of speech.Part of speech conversion refers to the transformation of a word from one part of speech to another, without changing the form of a word, so that the word has a new meaning and function.As far as this study is concerned, it refers to the phenomenon that some nouns in Chinese are directly used in adjectives without any change in their forms.Through the study of noun to adjective, it is found that cognitive linguistics and functional linguistics have individual case descriptions and theoretical explanations for the phenomenon of noun to adjective in varying degrees, which provides a reference for the author to understand this linguistic phenomenon.However, there are limitations in the following aspects: (1) inadequate observation: most of the typical cases of noun to adjective have been studied repeatedly, and the language data are scarce and obsolete.The grammatical features of nouns to adjectives are examined at the level of isolated words and sentences, while their expressions at the discourse and pragmatic levels are neglected.There is a lack of description of the distribution and frequency of these words in different text types.In order to make up for the deficiency of the previous research, this study has made the beneficial attempt in the following aspects.First, in order to remedy the shortcomings of insufficient observation in previous studies, this study was carried out under the framework of the Modern Chinese Dictionary (5th Edition) and the Modern Chinese Corpus of Peking University (CCL).This paper collects the case data of modern Chinese noun to adjective, and establishes the modern Chinese noun to adjective transfer corpus.First of all, the part of speech of nouns is annotated into the Modern Chinese Corpus of Peking University, and the relevant data are downloaded, and the grammatical features of nouns and adjectives and the syntactic slots of adjectives are used to identify the nouns and adjectives.Collect all the data that contain noun to adjective, so as to set up a corpus that clearly shows which nouns are experiencing conversion adjectives in modern Chinese.It can be seen in which genre nouns are used as adjectives and their detailed distribution, which provides real and fresh data for further study.Secondly, in order to make up for the deficiency of insufficient description in previous studies, the author will describe quantitatively and qualitatively the data of nomenclature to adjective, and analyze the distribution of metaphoric corpus in genre, the frequency of transformation and the explanation of the source of the corpus.The first chapter introduces the background, significance, method and goal of the research of noun to adjective.The second chapter is the related literature review, from the perspective of grammar, function and other aspects of the study.The third chapter introduces how to use the Modern Chinese Dictionary and the Modern Chinese Corpus of Peking University to complete the construction of the lexicon of Chinese noun transformation, mainly the process of collecting the CCL corpus and the judgment standard of the transferred word.The fourth chapter describes the general distribution characteristics and distribution probability of nomenclature in various genres.Chapter five is the theoretical explanation of grammatical metaphor combined with cases.The sixth chapter is a summary of the results of the study and suggestions for future research.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】