“说X就X”格式研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 16:50

本文选题：说X就X + 句法功能　；参考：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“说X就X”格式是现代汉语口语中一种常用的表达方式。通过对语料的归纳总结，将语言的形式和意义相结合，对“说X就X”格式的内部构成、句法功能、历时发展、语义关系、语用价值几个方面进行描写与分析。框式结构“说X就X”是由不变成分“说”、“就”和可变成分“X”组成。格式中的“说”尚在语法化的进程中，其虚化轨迹可以概括为行为义—认知义—标记词；现代汉语中的“就”有三个词性：动词、介词、副词，“就”在格式中为副词，可以表示时间短，前后事情紧接着发生；表示坚决或强调；用在两个相同的成分之间，表示容忍。格式中的“X”既可以是谓词性词语（动词、形容词、动词短语）也可以是体词性词语（名词、代词、数词），以谓词性成分居多。根据考察这一结构可以充当多种句法成分，比如可以充当主语、谓语、宾语、定语，还可以充当分句亦可独立成句。现代汉语中的“说X就X”格式已经发展为一个凝固的框式结构，可以表达多种语义关系，如：顺承、假设、条件等关系。“说X就X”格式作为框式结构有其特定的语用功能和较高的语用价值。“说X就X”格式可以用简约的语言形式，表达丰富的语义内容和说话者的主观情感，在语篇中具有突显句子焦点和衔接的功能。根据对语料的考察可知这一格式在元代就已经出现，但只是临时组成的词组并不是固定格式，从产生初期的临时的非固定形式发展到固定的凝固的结构，这期间经历了漫长的发展过程，，在其固化过程中，“说”的语法化、类推和重新分析起到了重要的作用。
[Abstract]:The "say X on X" format is a common expression in modern Chinese spoken language.By summing up the corpus, combining the form and meaning of language, this paper describes and analyzes the internal structure, syntactic function, diachronic development, semantic relationship and pragmatic value of the "say X on X" format.The frame structure "say X on X" is composed of invariant component, "on" and variable component "X"."Shuo" in the form is still in the process of grammaticalization, its empty track can be summarized as behavioral meaning-cognitive meaning-marker word, and in modern Chinese there are three parts of speech: verbs, prepositions, adverbs, and "just" as adverbs in the format, while in modern Chinese, there are three parts of speech: verbs, prepositions, adverbs, and adverbs.It can be said that time is short and things happen immediately before and after; express firmness or emphasis; use between two identical elements to express tolerance.The "X" in the format can be either predicate words (verbs, adjectives, verb phrases) or body words (nouns, pronouns, numerals).According to the investigation, this structure can act as a variety of syntactic elements, such as subject, predicate, object, attributive, clause or independent sentence.The "say X on X" format in modern Chinese has developed into a solidified frame structure, which can express a variety of semantic relations, such as the relations of consonance, hypothesis, condition, and so on.As a frame structure, the format of "say X on X" has its specific pragmatic function and high pragmatic value.The "say X on X" format can express rich semantic content and the subjective feelings of the speaker in a simplified language form, and it has the function of highlighting the focus and cohesion of the sentence in the discourse.According to the investigation of the corpus, this format has already appeared in Yuan Dynasty, but the phrase formed temporarily is not a fixed form, which develops from the initial temporary non-fixed form to the fixed solidified structure.In the process of solidification, the grammaticalization, analogy and reanalysis of "saying" played an important role.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

【引证文献】