英汉语标句词的对比研究

发布时间：2018-04-13 18:16

本文选题：标句词 + 英语标句词　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：标句词是由Rosenbaum在60年代末首先提出。作为生成语法“核心功能语类”之一的标句词是指某些分句的引导词，因其在英语这类语言中常常引导补语从句，因此又叫补语句标句词。目前经过Chomsky，Radford，Matthew等一系列语言学家的研究，硕果累累，但是其中不乏不完备之处。关于英汉语中的标句词对比研究的数量十分有限。本文根据前人对标句词的研究，将英汉标句词进行对比，发现他们的相似与不同之处，并找出其存在不同的原因。作者通过对比研究认为，中文的标句词与英语的标句词有着共同的特点，他们都可以引起有定和无定从句，，但也有明显不同。首先，英语的标句词是放在从句之前，这符合公认的英语是核心词在前的语言，而汉语，标句词却出现在从句之后，尽管一般认为汉语也是核心词在前的语言，这是进一步研究汉语标句词的一个重要问题。其次，英汉标句词省略不一样，例如，英语的宾语从句的标句词通常可以省略，而汉语却不能。这些在普遍语法范式中出现的异常，为今后的研究提出了新的挑战。本文共分五章：一、引言。引言部分首先介绍了本文的研究范围、研究目的以及拟解决的主要问题。二、文献综述。这一章首先介绍了前人对于标句词的研究，主要包括标句词的提出，英汉语中哪些词是标句词，以及英汉语中标句词的句法位置。其次，为了为英汉标句词对比作铺垫，这一章详细介绍了英汉汉语标句词的定义，以及英汉标句词的句法特点。另外，本文还介绍了汉语标句词的主要表现形式并引入了汉语从句的概念，希望借此能更清楚的比较英汉标句词。三、理论基础和方法论。重点介绍了X杠理论以及本文的方法论。本文采用的研究方法有对比法，比较法及假设验证法。第四章是本文的重点。这一部分主要证实了英语标句词和汉语标句词存在对应关系并通过英汉标句词的位置比较，阐明汉语标句词与英语标句词的内在差异。第五章是全文总结。
[Abstract]:The tagline was first proposed by Rosenbaum in the late 1960's.As one of the "core functional categories" of generative grammar, the target words refer to the leading words of some clauses, because they often lead to complement clauses in such languages as English, so they are also called complement sentence markers.At present, a series of linguists such as Chomskysky Radford Matthew and others have made great achievements, but some of them are incomplete.The number of contrastive studies on target words in English and Chinese is very limited.Based on the previous researches on the target words, this paper compares them, finds their similarities and differences, and finds out the different reasons for their existence.Through comparative study, the author thinks that the Chinese target words have the same characteristics as the English ones, and they can both cause definite and indefinite clauses, but they are also different from each other.First of all, the target words in English are placed before clauses, which is consistent with the fact that English is the language in which the core words are before, while in Chinese, the tagged words appear after the clauses, although it is generally believed that Chinese is also the language in which the core words are before.This is an important issue in the further study of Chinese tagged words.Secondly, English and Chinese target clause ellipsis is different, for example, English object clause can usually be omitted, but Chinese can not.These anomalies in the universal grammatical paradigm pose new challenges for future research.This paper is divided into five chapters: first, introduction.The introduction first introduces the research scope, the purpose and the main problems to be solved.Second, literature review.This chapter first introduces the previous researches on the target words, mainly including the proposal of the target words, which words are the target words in English and Chinese, and the syntactic position of the target words in English and Chinese.Secondly, in order to pave the way for the comparison between English and Chinese tagged words, this chapter introduces the definition and syntactic characteristics of English and Chinese tagged words in detail.In addition, this paper also introduces the main forms of expression of Chinese tagged words and introduces the concept of Chinese clauses, hoping to make a clearer comparison between English and Chinese tagged words.Third, theoretical basis and methodology.The theory of X-bar and the methodology of this paper are introduced emphatically.The research methods used in this paper are comparative method, comparative method and hypothesis verification method.The fourth chapter is the focus of this paper.This part mainly confirms the corresponding relationship between English and Chinese tagged words and clarifies the internal differences between Chinese and English tagged words by comparing the positions of English and Chinese tagged words.The fifth chapter is a summary of the full text.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146;H314

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