镇江方言语法研究

发布时间：2018-04-14 23:40

本文选题：镇江方言 + 语法　；参考：《南京大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以笔者的家乡话——镇江方言为对象,描写了镇江方言中最具特色的构词、重叠、副词这几大语法问题,并与普通话进行了比较。文章由以下几部分构成：第一章绪论部分主要介绍镇江市的人文历史概况、方言概况以及镇江方言研究现状、研究方法和意义。第二章主要研究镇江方言的构词中的附加及复合方式。镇江方言词汇的内部构造可分为单纯词和合成词,其中,合成词是镇江方言词汇的主体,其构造方式主要有附加法、复合法、重叠法三种。附加法指用附加的方式合成词根和词缀而造词的方法。词缀是一种构词标记,它有成词、转类、变义和衍音作用。镇江方言的派生词有自己的特点,由于受共同语的影响,镇江方言中原有的词缀在逐渐萎缩。我们根据词缀位置分为前缀、后缀、中缀,共讨论了以下典型镇江方言词缀：“老”、“小”、“二”、“经”、“雪”、“透”、“绷”、“稀”；“子”、“头”、“鬼”、“得慌”；“里”。复合法是指按一定的规则将词根语素组合在起,构造成复合词。镇江方言的复合词构成方式主要有联合式、偏正式、主谓式、述宾式、述补式五种。第三章研究镇江方言中的一种重要语法手段——重叠。重叠在镇江方言中既可以构词也可以构形。镇江方言中的名词重叠形式主要有“AA”式、“AA子”式、“ABB”式、“AAB”式、"AABB"式等；动词重叠形式主要有主要有“AA”式、“AAA”式、“A得A得”式、“A啊A”式、“直A直A”式、“AAB”式、"AABB"式、‘'ABAB"式等；形容词重叠形式主要有“AA”式、"AABB"式、“AAB”式、“BAA”式、"ABAB"式。镇江方言中的重叠不仅形式丰富,而且表义功能多样,表达出语法意义、感情色彩意义和语用意义。第四章研究镇江方言的副词。论文共详细描写和研究了三十三个方言副词。它们分别是：十一个程度副词、十二个语气副词、五个范围副词、两个情状副词、三个时间频率副词。镇江方言副词突出的特点主要是：1)许多非语气副词和语气副词一样可以显示说话人的语气,表达说话人的主观感受；2)通过对比可以看出,镇江方言的副词较为丰富；3)由于受共同语的影响,镇江方言中的一些副词的使用频率现在有所降低。第五章结语部分是对全文的总结。
[Abstract]:Taking Zhenjiang dialect, the author's hometown dialect, as an object, this paper describes the grammatical problems in Zhenjiang dialect, which are characterized by word-formation, overlap and adverb, and compares them with Putonghua.The article consists of the following parts:The first chapter introduces the history of Zhenjiang's humanities, dialects and the present situation, research methods and significance of Zhenjiang dialect.The second chapter mainly studies the addition and the compound way in the Zhenjiang dialect word formation.The inner structure of the vocabulary of Zhenjiang dialect can be divided into simple words and compound words. Among them, the compound words are the main body of the words in Zhenjiang dialect, and there are three kinds of construction methods: additional method, compound method and overlapping method.Addition refers to the method of combining roots and affixes in an additional way to create words.Affixes are word-building markers that have the functions of word formation, transformation, meaning and derivation.The derivation of Zhenjiang dialect has its own characteristics, because of the common language, the original affixes in Zhenjiang dialect are gradually shrinking.According to the position of affixes, we divide them into prefixes, suffixes and affixes. We discuss the following typical affixes in Zhenjiang dialect: "Lao", "Xiao", "2", "Jing", "Xue", "transparent", "tense", "thin", "Zi", "head","Ghost", "panic"; "Li".Compound method refers to the combination of root morpheme and compound word according to certain rules.There are five kinds of compound words in Zhenjiang dialect: joint form, partial formality, subject-predicate type, object type and complement type.Chapter three studies an important grammatical means in Zhenjiang dialect-overlap.Overlap in Zhenjiang dialect can be formed as well as word formation.In Zhenjiang dialect, there are mainly "AA", "AA sub-"," ABB "," AAB "," AABB "and so on, while verb reduplication mainly includes" AA "," AAA "," A get A "," A ah A ", etc."straight A straight A", "AAB", "AABB" and so on; adjective reduplication mainly includes "AA", "AABB", "AAB", "BAA" and "ABAB".The overlap in Zhenjiang dialect is not only rich in form, but also in various functions, expressing grammatical meaning, emotional color meaning and pragmatic meaning.The fourth chapter studies the adverbs of Zhenjiang dialect.The thesis describes and studies 33 dialect adverbs in detail.They are: eleven degree adverbs, twelve mood adverbs, five range adverbs, two situation adverbs and three time frequency adverbs.The salient features of adverbs in Zhenjiang dialect are: (1) many non-modal adverbs and mood adverbs can show the mood of the speaker and express the subjective feelings of the speaker.Due to the influence of common language, some adverbs in Zhenjiang dialect are used less frequently.The fifth chapter is the conclusion of the full text.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H17

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