湖南省临武土话语音比较研究

发布时间：2018-04-21 08:38

本文选题：临武县 + 临武土话　；参考：《湖南科技大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：临武县地处湖南省南大门。《桂阳州志》：“楚南郡邑之最古者，莫如临武。”临武县境是湘南典型的双方言区，，同时又处于西南官话、湘语、客赣方言的包围之中。居民一般对内说土话，对外用官话（当地称为临武官话，属西南官话）。临武县内各土话在1989年《中国语言地图集》里被划为系属不明的“湘南土话”。境内土话颇具特色。从大类分，以往学者将临武土话分为五片：街头话、麦市话、楚江话、汾市话、沙田话。各片土话分歧甚大，以致各土话区人们无法通话。基于对临武土话的研究主要集中于单点调查描写，缺乏全面的比较研究。本文从语音角度对以往所称说的“五片”临武土话进行比较分析，探讨其共性及差异。在比较研究中我们发现，临武土话在声母方面差异较小；在韵母方面有显著区别，特别是古阳声韵尾的演变情况，一类是演变速度较为迅速也较为彻底的街头话、汾市话和楚江话，另一类则是沙田话和麦市话。从梗摄开口字今读情况看，麦市话和沙田话均大量分布文白异读情况，而其余三个代表点基本无分布，可将临武土话分为两类：一类是麦市话和沙田话，另一类则是街头话、楚江话和汾市话。在声调方面，从是否保留古入声调看，临武土话可以分为两类：一类是不保留入声调的麦市话、沙田话和楚江话，另一类是街头话和汾市话。通过比较研究，我们认为临武土话可分为两类：一类是沙田话、麦市话；另一类是街头话和汾市话；而楚江话处于两片土话的交界地带，可以将其划入后者或者将其作为一种二者的“混合土话”处理。但在这里，我们暂且不将临武土话分为两类而是赞同以往学者对临武土话的传统划分，即承认传统“五片”划分的合理性。因为临武土话从通话程度上看，相互之间均无法通话；再者，要深入探讨临武土话的分合或是临武土话的归属问题，还应该从词汇、语法上对其作进一步地分析，才不显草率。
[Abstract]:Linwu County is located in the south gate of Hunan Province. Linwu County is a typical dual dialect area in southern Hunan, and is surrounded by Southwest Mandarin, Hunan dialect and Hak-Gan dialect. Residents generally speak to the local dialect, the external use of Mandarin (local called Linwu Mandarin, a southwest mandarin. The dialect in Linwu County was classified as "Southern Hunan dialect" in 1989 Chinese language Atlas. The native dialect in the territory is quite distinctive. In the past scholars divided Linwu dialect into five parts: Street dialect, Mak dialect, Chu Jiang dialect, Fen Shi dialect and Shatin dialect. The local dialect is so divided that people in the local area are unable to speak. Based on the study of Linwu dialect, it focuses on single-point investigation and lacks comprehensive comparative study. This paper makes a comparative analysis of the "five pieces" Linwu dialect from the perspective of phonology, and probes into its generality and difference. In the comparative study, we find that Linwu dialect has little difference in initial consonant, and significant difference in vowel, especially in the evolution of Guyang's rhyme tail, one is street dialect, which evolves faster and more thoroughly. Fen Shi dialect and Chu Jiang dialect, the other is Shatin and Mak Shi dialect. Judging from the situation of taking pictures and opening words, both Macs and Shatin dialect are widely distributed, while the remaining points of three represents are basically not distributed. Linwu dialect can be divided into two categories: one is Mak Shi and the other is Shatin dialect; the other is street dialect. Chu Jiang dialect and Fen Shi dialect. In terms of tone, the Linwu dialect can be divided into two categories from the point of view of whether to retain the ancient intonation tone: one is the Mak Shi dialect, the other is the Shatin dialect and the Chu Jiang dialect, the other is the street dialect and the Fen dialect. Through a comparative study, we think that Linwu dialect can be divided into two categories: one is Shatin dialect, the other is Mak Shi dialect; the other is street dialect and Fen Shi dialect; and the Chujiang dialect is located at the junction of the two vernacular dialects. It can be classified into the latter or treated as a mixture of the two. But here, we do not divide Linwu vernacular into two categories, but agree with the traditional division of Linwu dialect, which is to admit the rationality of the traditional division of "five pieces". Because Linwu dialect can't talk to each other in terms of the degree of communication, moreover, if we want to probe into the division of Linwu vernacular or the attribution of Linwu vernacular, we should make further analysis of it in terms of vocabulary and grammar, so it is not obvious that we should be hasty.
【学位授予单位】：湖南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H17

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