《礼部韵略》多音字音义规定及其执行考析

发布时间：2018-04-21 22:49

本文选题：《礼部韵略》 + 多音字　；参考：《武汉大学》2012年博士论文

【摘要】：《礼部韵略》作为专为科举而设的官韵,具有简洁、实用、权威的特点,其多音字只取经典中常见、举子常用音义项。我们从《礼部韵略》中具有代表性的多音字的角度出发,分析其音义特点,并结合宋代科举诗赋中相应的用韵实例,观察科举实践中是否严格按照《礼部韵略》的规定来押用,考察《礼部韵略》规定与科举执行之间的关系,分析《礼部韵略》不合理之处以及考生是如何面对的,探讨科场纠纷中考官和举子判定诗赋落韵与否的依据,进一步探讨《礼部韵略》规定的“出处”与“泛押”在诗赋押韵中实际运用情况,分析经典音在科举中的重要地位,更深入地探讨《礼部韵略》与科举的相互影响的辩证关系。我们按照以下几个部分来进行研究：绪论部分主要说研究价值、研究概况以及本文思路、研究目的、方法、重难点和创新点等。第一章作为背景知识,简单介绍《礼部韵略》的来源、与其他韵书的关系、版本及增订情况。第二章主要介绍《礼部韵略》又音,对又音进行分类分析,并在校勘的基础上探讨又音的来源。第三章主要梳理宋代科举的考试内容、科举诗赋目录,分析其用韵禁忌,为后文诗赋引用、分析服务。第四章在二、三章的基础上,以科举诗赋中常用多音字韵字为个案,分析《礼部韵略》多音字的音义关系、来源,列举并分析宋代科举中实际押用情况以及科举中相关争讼案例,并辅以大量日常律赋用韵来参证,以此来探讨规定与执行之间的关系。第五章对《礼韵》和科举的关系进一步梳理、归纳,从《礼部韵略》、学者、考生三方来探讨二者的互动关系；以前文个案分析为基础,从学理来探讨《礼部韵略》规定的合理与不合理之处,并探讨在《礼部韵略》与时音有差距的前提下,考生却能精熟运用《礼部韵略》的原因；在个案分析的基础上,详细探讨、总结多音字押用中的“出处”和“泛押”问题,指出经典音与科举有着重要关系。最后总结前文所作的研究,得出一些重要的结论：第一,《礼部韵略》在束缚举子们用韵的同时,又受到科举中举子的一些有争议的用韵的检验、冲击,促使官方对《礼部韵略》做出一些补充、调整等举措,二者是互相影响的关系。第二,《礼部韵略》规定亦有不合理之处,如常用音义项缺收、误注、部分韵字音义项规定不完备等。第三,《礼部韵略》明确规定了音义的匹配关系,科场押用中基本上是按照其规定来押用的,音义匹配相符合,但亦有违背《礼部韵略》规定而未被黜落的情况发生。第四,举子、考官对《礼部韵略》规定理解的不同会造成用韵上的分歧,举子亦会利用《礼部韵略》的不完备之处作为挡箭牌为自己开脱。第五,《礼部韵略》规定的出处与泛押,举子、考官并非严格遵从,偶尔会有处理从宽的迹象,带有一定的主观性因素。第六,考场遇到《礼部韵略》规定不明或规定未涉及到之类情况的时候,通常以经典音为准,偶尔亦会参考《集韵》。
[Abstract]:As an official rhyme for imperial examination, Rite rhyme has the characteristics of simplicity, practicality and authority. Its multi-syllable characters are only common in the classics. From the point of view of the representative multi-syllable characters in Rite rhyme, we analyze its phonetic characteristics, and combine with the corresponding examples of rhyme in the Song Dynasty imperial examination poetry and Fu, and observe whether the imperial examination practice is strictly applied in accordance with the regulations of Rite Rhyme. This paper investigates the relationship between the regulations of Rite rhyme and the execution of imperial examination, analyzes on the irrationality of Rite rhyme and how the examinee faces it, and probes into the basis for examiners and Huizi to judge the rhyme of poetry and Fu in the dispute of science field. This paper further discusses the actual application of "provenance" and "Pan-remold" in the rhyme of poetry and Fu, analyzes the important position of classical sound in the imperial examination, and probes into the dialectical relationship between "Rite rhyme" and the imperial examination in depth. We carry on the research according to the following several parts: the introduction part mainly says the research value, the research survey as well as this article thought, the research goal, the method, the heavy difficulty and the innovation point and so on. The first chapter, as background knowledge, briefly introduces the origin of Rite rhyme, the relationship with other rhyme books, the edition and the update. The second chapter mainly introduces the Rite rhyme, and analyzes the Rhyme by classification, and discusses the origin of it on the basis of collation. The third chapter mainly combs the Song Dynasty imperial examination examination content, imperial examination poetry and Fu catalogue, analyzes its use rhyme taboo, for the later text poetry Fu citation, the analysis service. On the basis of the second and third chapters, the fourth chapter analyzes the phonetic relationship and origin of the polysyllabic characters, which are commonly used in the imperial examination poetry and Fu, as a case study. This paper enumerates and analyzes the actual usage of imperial examinations in the Song Dynasty and the relevant contentious cases in the imperial examinations, and uses a large number of daily laws and rhymes to refer to the evidence in order to explore the relationship between the regulations and the execution. The fifth chapter further combs the relationship between Rite rhyme and imperial examination, concludes, from "Rite rhyme", scholars, examinees to explore the interaction between the two; the previous text case analysis as the basis, This paper probes into the reasonableness and unreasonableness of the rules of Rite rhyme from the viewpoint of theory, and discusses the reasons why the examinee can use Rite rhyme well on the premise of the difference between Rite Rhyme and time, and on the basis of case analysis, This paper discusses in detail the problems of "provenance" and "universal deposit" in the use of polysyllabic characters, and points out that the classical pronunciation has an important relationship with the imperial examination. Finally, after summarizing the previous research, some important conclusions are drawn: first, "Rite rhyme" is not only bound to the rhyme of lifting children, but also subject to the examination and impact of some controversial rhyme in the imperial examination. To promote the official to the Rite rhyme to make some additions, adjustments and other measures, the two are the relationship of mutual influence. Second, the rules of Rite Rhyme also have some unreasonable points, such as the missing of common phonetic items, incorrect notes, incomplete provisions of partial rhyme and phonetic meanings, and so on. Thirdly, Rite rhyme clearly defines the matching relation of phonetic meaning, which is basically applied in accordance with its provisions, and the matching of phonetic meaning is consistent, but there are also some cases of undeposed fall in violation of the rules of Rite rhyme. Fourth, the examiner's different understanding of Rite rhyme rules will lead to differences in rhyme, and he will use the incompleteness of Rite Rhyme as a shield to excuse himself. Fifthly, the provenance of "Rite Rhyme" is not strictly obeyed by examiners, and occasionally there are signs of leniency, with certain subjective factors. Sixthly, when the rules of "ritual rhyme" are unclear or the regulations are not involved in the examination room, they usually refer to the classical sound, and occasionally refer to the "collection rhyme".
【学位授予单位】：武汉大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H113

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