基于统计的汉语日源词研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 08:11

本文选题：日源词 + 词表　；参考：《南京师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：甲午中日战争后,日源词大规模进入汉语,对汉语词汇造成巨大影响,进而日源词成为学术界研究的热点。已有的研究采用本体语言学的分析法,讨论日源词的性质、内涵、外延和影响,在日源词的梳理、定性、分类、比较研究等方面均有成效。然而,日源词对汉语的影响,前人未有余暇从大规模语料统计角度加以关注。为准确把握日源词对汉语的影响,本文依靠语言接触理论和汉语词汇理论,建立“汉语日源词词表”；采用语料库语言学方法,开展大规模语料统计研究,建立“汉语日源词研究型语料库”。本文研究内容包括：回归词重分类,日源词表建立,日源词统计和政论、文艺语体的比较研究,日源词词性、构词和汉化研究。研究结果包括日源词统计和与汉语关系两个方面。首先,日源词统计方面：(1)梳理外源词典、外源词著作中的日源词,考察存在争议日源回归词并分类,制定《现代汉语日源词词表》。(2)选取政论、文艺类出版物,如《中报》(从1898年到1921年,40万字)、《鲁迅全集》(节选60万字)等,进行语料加工处理,建立了规模为3,600,000字、时间跨度超过一百年(1898-2011)的“汉语日源词研究型语料库”。(3)统计语料中日源词的比例：汉语总词形数为19702个,口源词词形数为926个,日源词词形占总词形的4.7%；汉语词语使用总频率为152万次,日源词使用频率为12万次,日源词使用频率占总频率的8.1%；在hsk汉语常用5000词中,出现的日源词457个,占5000词的9.1%。法律政治类的日源词使用次数最多；政论语体中口源词的使用量多于文艺语体。其次,依据统计结果,揭示汉语与日源词的关系：(1)日源词词性分析,有名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词、兼类词、词组。各词性日源词比例：名词占日源词总数的55.3%,动词占22.6%,形容词占3.5%,副词占0.4%,兼类词占4%,词组占0.4%。其原因在于名词相对于其他词类而言具有很强的开放性。(2)深入研究日源词汉化。包括语音汉化、字形汉化、语义汉化。着重研究了语义汉化过程,中日两国民族文化融合的体现。日源词汉化是日源词融入汉语的表现,也是中国人接受日源词的基础。基于统计的日源词研究,使本文具有相应的理论价值和应用价值。在应用价值方面,本文建立的“汉语日源词研究型语料库”属国内首创,语料丰富、时间跨度大、建立时间长,是大规模语料库,为日源词统计研究的全面性和客观性提供了保障。同时,理论价值方而,丰富了汉语词汇理论,以往词汇理论对于日源词在汉语中的影响,均采取相对模糊的表述,本文的研究成果,可以使理论表述进一步明确,促进研究的进一步发展。
[Abstract]:After the Sino-Japanese War in 1895, Japanese words came into Chinese on a large scale, which had a great influence on Chinese vocabulary, and then the Japanese source words became a hot topic in academic circles. The existing research uses the analysis method of ontology linguistics to discuss the nature, connotation, extension and influence of Japanese words, which is effective in combing, qualitative, classifying and comparative study of Japanese words. However, the influence of Japanese words on Chinese has not been paid attention to from the angle of large-scale corpus statistics. In order to accurately understand the influence of Japanese words on Chinese, this paper, based on the theory of language contact and the theory of Chinese vocabulary, sets up a lexical list of Japanese words in Chinese, and carries out a large-scale statistical study of language data by using the method of corpus linguistics. To establish a research corpus of Japanese words in Chinese. The research contents of this paper include: the classification of regression words, the establishment of Japanese lexicon, the statistics and political theory of Japanese words, the comparative study of literary and artistic style, the study of the part of speech, word formation and Sinicization of Japanese words. The results include the statistics of Japanese words and the relationship between Japanese words and Chinese. First of all, in the aspect of statistics of Japanese words, the author combs the foreign dictionary, the Japanese words in the works of foreign words, investigates and classifies the words of Japanese origin, and formulates "list of Japanese words in Modern Chinese". 2) selecting political theories and publications of literature and art. For example, the "Central News" (400000 words from 1898 to 1921, complete works of "Lu Xun") (excerpt from 600000 words) and so on, were processed and processed, and the scale was 3600000 words. The proportion of Japanese words in the statistical corpus is 19702 and 926, respectively. The total frequency of using Chinese words is 1.52 million times, the frequency of using Japanese words is 120000 times, and the frequency of using Japanese words is 8.1% of the total frequency. In the 5000 words commonly used in hsk Chinese, there are 457 Japanese words, accounting for 9.1% of 5000 words. The use of Japanese source words in the category of law and politics is the most, and the usage of oral source words in political discourse is more than that in literature and art. Secondly, according to the statistical results, this paper reveals the relationship between Chinese and Japanese words: 1) part of speech analysis of Japanese words, there are nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, concurrent words, phrases. The proportion of Japanese words in each part of speech: noun accounts for 55.3of the total number of Japanese words, verbs account for 22.6kyong, adjectives 3.5am, adverbs 0.4and adverbs 0.4. the number of concurrent words is 44.The number of phrases is 0.43.00. The reason is that nouns have a strong openness to other parts of speech. It includes phonetic Chinese, glyph Chinese and semantic Chinese. This paper focuses on the process of semantic Sinicization and the embodiment of the fusion of Chinese and Japanese national cultures. The Sinicization of Japanese words is not only the expression of Japanese words into Chinese, but also the basis of Chinese acceptance of Japanese words. The research of Japanese words based on statistics makes this paper have the corresponding theoretical value and application value. In terms of application value, the "Research Corpus of Chinese Japanese-Oriented words" is the first one in China, which is a large scale corpus with abundant data, long time span and long time. It provides a guarantee for the comprehensiveness and objectivity of the statistical study of Japanese words. At the same time, the theoretical value has enriched the Chinese lexical theory. The previous lexical theories have adopted relatively vague expressions for the influence of Japanese words in Chinese. The research results of this paper can further clarify the theoretical expression. To promote the further development of research.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136.5

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