英汉政治新闻类新词的认知语义研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 12:40

本文选题：英汉政治新闻类新词 + 对比研究　；参考：《杭州师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：词汇在语言学习和使用中最为活跃,直接反映社会文化的进步和经济的快速发展,其变化往往会带动语言的变化。当今信息社会网络媒体普及,不断涌现新思维、新概念、新现象、新事物,由此产生了大量的新语新词。在这一过程中,新闻类新词可谓扮演着重要的角色,其中英汉政治新闻类的新词尤其突出。纵观国内外相关研究现状,有关新语新词的研究成果不少,但就政治新闻类新词的专题研究,之前学者讨论的并不多,其研究重点大多局限于新词的构词规则和结构方面,或通过说明不同语义场中大量的新词来揭示新词的来源,或从修辞学的视角对中英政治类新词的英译进行研究,或从语用学的角度关注新词的语用效果,将其归结为是一种模因现象。还有一些学者试图从政治类新词语的意义内涵分析其构词方式,从教学法的角度探讨如何进行新词语教学等。近年来虽然有学者运用认知语言学的相关理论对新词作研究,但针对英汉政治新闻类新词作专题比较和对比研究还是非常少,尤其通过认知语言学视角的隐喻转喻理论的研究可谓凤毛麟角。本文运用认知转喻、隐喻的相关理论来探讨此类词的形成机制,并通过英汉对比的跨语言研究来揭示政治新闻类新词的共性和差异性。本研究首先通过收集一定数量的英语和汉语政治新闻类新词,然后采用定性和定量分析和对比分析。定性研究主要探讨新词的构词种类及其认知机制,定量分析主要进行英汉对比和数据统计。本研究考察的语料主要出自《牛津高阶英汉双解词典》(第六版增补版,2004)、《汉语新词词典(2005-2010)》(2011)、《英汉双解最新新词词典》(2011)、《汉英新词新语精编》(2011)、《英语中高级口译口试导考》(2006)、新词网站Word Spy (www.wordspy.com)以及Urban Dictionary (http://www.urbandictionary.com)等相关的语料。本研究发现：英汉政治类新词在构成方式和认知机制上,其共性远远大于其差异性,共性的存在可归结为人类共有的认知机制使然。差异性的存在主要由于人们所处不同的社会文化背景、生活方式以及不同的地理位置；认知语言学中的隐喻、转喻理论对英汉政治新闻类新词有很强的解释力,能更好地能解释英汉政治类新词在构成方式和认知机制；英汉政治新闻类新词的研究有助于其他领域新词的拓展研究。
[Abstract]:Vocabulary is most active in language learning and use. It directly reflects the progress of social culture and the rapid development of economy. Its changes often lead to the change of language. Nowadays, the Internet media is popularized and new ideas, new concepts, new phenomena and new things emerge constantly. In this process, the news category has come into being. New words can play an important role, especially in English and Chinese political news.
In view of the current research status at home and abroad, there are a lot of research achievements on new words and new words, but there is not much discussion about the special study of new words of political news. Most of the research focus is limited to the rules and structures of the word formation of new words, or by illustrating a large number of new words in different semantic fields to reveal the source of new words, or from the revision of the new words. The English translation of Chinese and English political neologisms is studied in the perspective of rhetoric, or the pragmatic effect of new words is concerned from the perspective of pragmatics, and it is attributed to a kind of meme phenomenon. Some scholars try to analyze the way of word formation from the meaning connotation of political new words and discuss how to teach new words and phrases from the perspective of teaching methods. Although some scholars have used the relevant theories of cognitive linguistics to study the new words, the comparison and comparison of the new words in English and Chinese political news are very few, especially by the metonymy theory of cognitive linguistics. This paper uses the theory of understanding metonymy and metaphor to discuss such words. Through the cross language study of English and Chinese contrast, we can reveal the similarities and differences of new words in political news.
This study first collects a certain number of new words in English and Chinese political news, and then uses qualitative and quantitative analysis and comparative analysis. Qualitative studies mainly discuss the types of word formation and their cognitive mechanisms of new words. Quantitative analysis is made to make a quantitative analysis of English and Chinese comparison and data statistics. The corpus of this study is mainly from < Oxford higher order English and Chinese. Dictionaries (Sixth Edition, 2004), Chinese neologism Dictionary (2005-2010) > (2011), English Chinese double solution the latest new word dictionary (2011), Chinese English Neologism and neologism (2011), English Advanced Oral Interpretation (2006), new word web site Word Spy (www.wordspy.com) and Urban Dictionary (http://www.urbandictionary.com) and other related languages Material.
This study finds that the commonality of the political neologisms in English and Chinese is far greater than their differences in the form and cognitive mechanism. The existence of the generality can be attributed to the common cognitive mechanism of human beings. The difference exists mainly due to the different social and cultural background, the living formula and the different geographical position, and the cognitive linguistics in cognitive linguistics. Metonymy, the metonymy theory has a strong explanatory power to English and Chinese political news new words, and can better explain the form and cognitive mechanism of English and Chinese political neologisms; the study of English and Chinese new words of political news is helpful to the research of new words in other fields.

【学位授予单位】：杭州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H313;H136

【参考文献】