“得”字句的最简方案研究

发布时间：2018-05-02 15:26

本文选题：“得”字句 + 最简方案　；参考：《中南大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“得”字句是汉语中一种独特的句法结构,其形式复杂多变。以往的研究从句法、语义、语用角度对“得”字句进行了深入研究,取得了不少成绩,有助于人们深入了解“得”字句。但以往的句法研究多关注该结构中各个成分的性质,因而不能完整地描述概括“得”字句的结构,也不能对其各种形式进行合理地解释。乔姆斯基的最简方案为“得”字句的句法分析提供了新的方法。本文旨在在最简方案框架下,将其重新分类,并对几类“得”字句的生成进行重新分析。我们将“得”字句按照结构分为DP+V+de+XP, DP1+V1+de+DP2+XP和DP1+V1+DP2+V1+de+XP三类。根据其语义特征,我们将第一类细分为使役结构和描述结构。第二类包含兼语结构和动补结构,动补结构能够再根据其中各成分间的关系进一步细分。第三类结构有两种形式：DP1+V1+DP2+V1+AP/VP2和DP1+V1+DP2+V1+de+DP3+VP2。我们认为,“得”字句中的“得”字是轻动词,具有潜在的使役义,它可以在结构推导的过程中被激发。因为“得”字的作用,DP+V+de+XP中的使役类、DP1+V1+dP2+XP的大部分细分结构以及DP1+V1+DP2+V1+de+DP3+VP2均为使役结构。使役结构中的XP在低层的VP中生成,并激发“得”字的使役义,而非使役结构的XP在轻动词v的投射中生成,“得”字的使役义不被激发。本文的研究结果一方面可以验证最简方案的解释力,另一方面也对“得”字句的理解及对外汉语教学中“得”字句的教学提供一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:"de" sentence is a unique syntactic structure in Chinese, and its form is complex and changeable. Previous studies have made a thorough study of "de" from syntactic, semantic and pragmatic perspectives, and have made a lot of achievements, which is helpful for people to understand the word "de" in depth. However, previous syntactic studies have paid more attention to the nature of each component of the structure, so it is not possible to describe the structure of the word "de" in a complete way and to explain its various forms reasonably. Chomsky's minimalist scheme provides a new method for the syntactic analysis of the word de. The purpose of this paper is to reclassify it under the framework of the simplest scheme, and to reanalyze the generation of several types of "de" sentences. We divide the word "de" into three categories according to its structure: DP V de XP, DP1 V1 de DP2 XP and DP1 V1 DP2 V1 de XP. According to its semantic features, we subdivide the first category into causative structure and description structure. The second kind includes the adjunct structure and the verb-complement structure, which can be further subdivided according to the relationship between the components. The third type has two forms: DP1V1 DP2 V1 AP/VP2 and DP1 V1 DP2 V1 de DP3 VP2. We think that the word "de" in the word "de" is a light verb with a latent causative meaning and can be stimulated in the process of structure derivation. Because of the function of the word "de", most of the subdivision structures of DP1 V1 dP2 XP and DP1 V1 DP2 V1 de DP3 VP2 in DP V de XP are causative structures. XP in the causative structure is generated in the VP of lower level, and the causative meaning of the word "get" is stimulated, but XP of the non-causative structure is generated in the projection of the light verb v, and the causative meaning of the word "get" is not stimulated. On the one hand, the research results of this paper can verify the explanatory power of the simplest scheme, on the other hand, it can also provide some reference for the comprehension of "de" and the teaching of "de" in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.
【学位授予单位】：中南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】