现代汉语因果关系单句研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 05:12

  本文选题：因果关系 + 单句　； 参考：《辽宁大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在现代汉语中，复合词、短语、单句、复句、句群乃至篇章等语言单位都可以表达因果关系。现代汉语学界对能够表达因果关系的语言单位进行了广泛的研究，尤以复句方面的研究最为深入，，而对其他语言单位的研究则比较浅显。单句是语言运用的基本单位，是使用频率较高的一级语言单位，所以，研究现代汉语单句表达因果关系的功能及解析表达因果关系的单句句义具有重要意义。目前，对单句中因果关系的研究仅散见于通论性的现代汉语著作或某个具体的句子类型的一般研究中，主要处在观察、描写阶段，对因果关系在句内如何实现、能表达因果关系的形式之间的分工和联系、表达因果关系的不同形式之间是否具有转换关系等问题的研究还很少见。总的来说，单句中因果关系的研究还相对薄弱，全面、系统的研究表达因果关系的单句的专论尚未问世。 本文细致考查了范晓归纳的现代汉语单句的所有类型，发现有九种单句可以表达因果关系。它们是：以因果关系词为标示的可以表达因果关系的单句；可以表达因果关系的动宾谓语句；可以表达因果关系的述补谓语句；可以表达因果关系的连动句；可以表达因果关系的兼语句；可以表达因果关系的“把”字句；可以表达因果关系的“被”字句；可以表达因果关系的“是……的”句以及句首状语参与表达因果关系的单句。 本文以真实文本为依据，主要从句法结构、语义特征等方面着手研究这九种可以表达因果关系的单句。由于汉语句子内的因果关系主要表现在动词谓语句上，因而，本文主要研究表达因果关系的动词谓语句。同时，对这些表达因果关系的单句中的原因项和结果项分别进行了具体的分析，包括原因项和结果项的特点、原因项和结果项的语义特征以及原因项和结果项之间的语义选择等，得出原因项和结果项的语义特征为：原因项[±积极]结果项[+变化]、[+终点]、[±积极]原因项和结果项的语义选择的四种情况： A.原因项[+积极]+结果项[+积极] B.原因项[+积极]+结果项[-积极] C.原因项[-积极]+结果项[-积极] D.原因项[-积极]+结果项[+积极]
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, compound words, phrases, simple sentences, complex sentences, sentence groups and even text can express causality. Modern Chinese scholars have carried out extensive research on linguistic units capable of expressing causality, especially in complex sentences, while other linguistic units have been studied more easily. Single sentence is the basic unit of language use and the first class language unit with higher frequency. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the function of expressing causality in modern Chinese single sentence and to analyze the meaning of single sentence expressing causality. At present, the study of causality in a single sentence is only scattered in the general study of modern Chinese works or a specific sentence type. It is mainly in the stage of observation and description, and how to realize the causality in the sentence. It is rare to study the division of labor and relationship between forms of causality and whether there is a conversion relationship between different forms of causality. In general, the study of causality in single sentence is relatively weak. This paper examines all types of modern Chinese single sentences induced by Fan Xiao, and finds that there are nine simple sentences which can express causality. They are: single sentence which can express causality, verb-object predicate sentence that can express causality, predicate sentence that can express causality, continuous verb sentence that can express causality. A concurrent statement that can express causality; a "Ba" sentence that can express causality; a sentence that can express causality; a sentence that can express causality; a "is" that can express causality. The "sentence" and the adverbial of the sentence are involved in the expression of causality. Based on the true text, this paper studies the nine single sentences which can express causality from the aspects of syntactic structure, semantic features and so on. As the causality in Chinese sentences is mainly manifested in verb predicate sentences, this paper mainly studies verb predicate statements that express causality. At the same time, the cause item and the result item in these simple sentences expressing causality are analyzed respectively, including the characteristics of the cause item and the result item. The semantic features of cause item and result item, and the semantic choice between cause item and result item, The semantic characteristics of cause item and result item are as follows: cause item [卤positive] result item [change], [end point], [卤positive] cause item and result item semantic selection. a. Cause item [positive] result item [positive] b. Cause item [positive] result item [- positive] c. Cause item [- positive] result item [- positive] d. Cause item [- positive] result item [positive]
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146


本文编号：1837114