整体与部分概念合成名词的认知理据审视

发布时间：2018-05-04 04:07

本文选题：整体部分关系 + 概念整合　；参考：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：N+N复合名词在英汉中都非常普遍,尤其在汉语复合名词中所占比例很可观。根据认知语言学的观点,语言世界是主观世界对现实世界的反映,本文立足于整体与部分关系,考察二者在名名复合词中的语义表现。通过研究发现,现实世界中的整体与部分在汉语中主要通过名名复合词来体现,且具有普遍性,说明语言符号的组合规则与客观世界存在象似点。本文主要从四个方面展开对整体部分概念合成词的研究,全文共分为六个部分。第一章是绪论。介绍了研究目的和意义、研究对象和方法以及研究现状。本文从语言形式入手,深究名名复合词内部的整体与部分关系,验证语言与现实的象似性。主要运用语义语法及认知语言学等理论,对整体部分关系复合名词进行了详尽细腻的语义分析和句法分析,并提出了这一高频组合的认知理据。第二章分析汉语中整体与部分整合的方式,主要有“整体+部分”和“部分+整体”两种方式。前者整个结构的语义指向部分,后者整个结构的语义指向整体。同时,比较汉英表达整体部分关系的异同,英语的表达方式更丰富。第三章探讨整体与部分的语义特点,从语义关系、范畴特征、语义突显、语义结构等方面进行论述。整体与部分的语义关系体现在物体与构件、生产者与被生产者、容器与容物。整体部分合成词是由分别指称整体和部分的基本层次范畴合成的下位范畴,语义中心居右。第四章分析整体部分概念合成词的结构特点。整体部分复合名词属于定中偏正结构,能够单独出现在主语、宾语、定语和中心语等句法位置上,具有名词的5项优势分布,而且整体部分复合名词与部分整体复合名词二者在语法分布上没有多大差别。从名量搭配来看,绝大部分整体部分关系复合名词能与不定量词、种类量词、成形量词、个体量词等结合,而与集体量词、度量词、容器量词的组合能力相对较弱。第五章解释整体部分概念整合的认知理据。从语义合成机制和思维差异两方面进行阐述。整体部分图式是整体部分概念实现语义压制的基础,认知突显是实现语义压制的途径。不同民族采用不同的形式来表达整体部分关系。最后一章是结语。总结了本文的主要观点,并指出本文研究的不足之处。
[Abstract]:N N compound nouns are very common in English and Chinese, especially in Chinese compound nouns. According to the viewpoint of cognitive linguistics, the linguistic world is the reflection of the subjective world to the real world. Through the study, it is found that the whole and part of the real world in Chinese are mainly reflected by nominal-noun compound words, and they are universal, which shows that the combination rules of language symbols and the objective world have similar points. In this paper, the whole part of the conceptual composition of the study from four aspects, the full text is divided into six parts. The first chapter is the introduction. This paper introduces the purpose and significance of the research, the research object and method, and the present situation of the research. Starting with the linguistic form, this paper probes into the whole and part relations of the noun compound and verifies the iconicity between language and reality. Based on the theories of semantic grammar and cognitive linguistics, this paper makes a detailed and detailed semantic analysis and syntactic analysis of the whole partial relation compound nouns, and puts forward the cognitive motivation of this high frequency combination. The second chapter analyzes the integration of the whole and the part in Chinese, mainly in two ways: the whole part and the partial whole. The former refers to the whole structure and the latter to the whole. At the same time, comparing the similarities and differences of the whole relationship between Chinese and English, the expression of English is more abundant. The third chapter discusses the semantic characteristics of the whole and part, including semantic relations, category characteristics, semantic salience, semantic structure and so on. The semantic relationship between whole and part is embodied in objects and components, producers and producers, containers and contents. The whole part compound word is the lower category which is composed of the basic category of the whole and the part respectively, and the semantic center is on the right. The fourth chapter analyzes the structural characteristics of the whole part of the conceptual compound word. The whole part of compound nouns belong to the fixed and positive structure and can appear separately in the syntactic positions such as subject, object, attributive and central language, which have five superior distributions of nouns. Moreover, there is not much difference in grammatical distribution between the whole part compound noun and the partial whole compound noun. From the point of view of nominal-quantity collocation, most of the whole part-relation compound nouns can be combined with indefinite classifiers, category classifiers, formative classifiers, individual classifiers, and so on, but the combination ability with collective classifiers, metric words and container classifiers is relatively weak. The fifth chapter explains the cognitive motivation of the integration of the whole part of the concept. This paper expounds the mechanism of semantic composition and the difference of thinking. The whole part schema is the foundation of the whole part concept to realize semantic suppression, and the cognitive salience is the way to realize the semantic suppression. Different ethnic groups adopt different forms to express the whole partial relationship. The last chapter is the conclusion. This paper summarizes the main points of view, and points out the shortcomings of this study.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H04

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