汉语作为第二语言学习者量词习得情况考察

发布时间：2018-05-13 09:34

本文选题：汉语作为第二语言 + 量词习得　；参考：《北京大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：丰富的量词是汉语的一大特色，量词在现代汉语词汇和语法系统中占据非常重要的地位。然而在实际教学中，量词教学并未受到相应的重视，，仍然是汉语作为第二语言教学的一大难点。本文试图从第二语言习得的角度考察学习者的量词习得情况，通过对HSK动态作文语料库语料的分析以及对学习者的量词测试卷调查，总结学习者习得量词的特点和规律。经调查我们发现：学习者到了中、高级阶段量词的掌握情况仍不容乐观。总体而言，学习者的量词习得水平随着学习时间的推移而提高，并且汉语水平与所掌握量词的词汇级别间存在较为显著的关系。文章大致推测了学习者在不同阶段的量词习得情况，并发现学习者的量词使用中存在着大量语义型偏误，且在处理“一名多量”与“一量多名”时掌握量词以及与量词搭配名词的丰富程度均有待提高。此外，一些量词语法点也成为学习者的难点。根据研究反映出的学习者量词习得特点，本文认为，在量词教学中，教师应当充分了解学生掌握量词的难点，从学习者经常出现的偏误出发，有针对性地加强一些量词与量词语言点的教学。如加强近义量词辨析，注意个体量词和集合量词教学的关系等等。
[Abstract]:The abundant quantifier is a major feature of Chinese, which occupies a very important position in the modern Chinese vocabulary and grammar system. However, in practical teaching, quantifier teaching has not been paid attention to, and it is still a big difficulty in the teaching of Chinese as a second language. This paper attempts to investigate the acquisition of quantifiers from the perspective of second language acquisition. Through the analysis of the HSK dynamic composition corpus and the survey of the learners' quantifier test volume, this paper summarizes the characteristics and rules of the learners' acquisition of quantifiers. Through the investigation, we find that the mastery of classifiers in advanced stage is still not optimistic. In general, learners' level of quantifier acquisition improves with the passage of learning time, and there is a significant relationship between the level of Chinese and the vocabulary level of the quantifier they have mastered. In this paper, we roughly speculate on the learners' acquisition of classifiers at different stages, and find that there are a lot of semantic errors in the use of classifiers. Moreover, the rich degree of classifier and collocation noun should be improved in dealing with "one quantity and more names" and "one quantity and more names". In addition, some quantifier grammar points also become difficult for learners. According to the characteristics of learners' quantifier acquisition reflected in the study, this paper holds that, in the teaching of classifiers, teachers should fully understand the difficulties of students' mastery of classifiers, and proceed from the errors often encountered by learners. To strengthen the teaching of some classifiers and classifier language points. Such as strengthening the analysis of synonymous quantifiers, paying attention to the relationship between individual classifiers and collective classifiers, and so on.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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