《诗经》中植物隐喻的认知分析

发布时间：2018-05-14 09:35

本文选题：《诗经》 + 植物隐喻　；参考：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以认知语言学流派中的概念隐喻理论为理论依据,以《诗经·国风》中的诗歌作为分析来源,对其诗歌中包含的“人是植物”隐喻从认知语言学的角度进行分析,并尝试从这部中国最早的诗歌总集所提供的该类语言依据中分析得到当时人们的隐喻体验情况,并对这些隐喻体验做出解释。《诗经》是我国现在最早的一部诗歌总集,是我国文学史上的光辉起点。该诗集是一部现实主义作品,其思想性和艺术性在我国乃至世界文学史都占有非常高的地位。《国风》是该部诗歌总集的第一部分,其来源和题材非常广泛,在反映作品创作时代的社会、历史、文化方面具有重大的价值。《诗经》研究自古至今都受到较大关注,但是涉及到诗经隐喻的研究,在诗经隐喻的识别方面并没有做出明确说明,本文将对《诗经》作品中的比兴手法与隐喻进行对比说明,明确本文使用诗经隐喻的标准。在此基础上,本文通过分析《国风》中“植物是人”这一大类隐喻,在对比“女性是植物”和“男性是植物”这两个分类的过程中发现生命周期隐喻只存在于对女性的隐喻上,而对男性的隐喻主要为树木隐喻,并不存在生命周期隐喻现象。本文作者认为,生命周期隐喻仅存在女性隐喻内这一现象是证明诗经时代女性在社会和家庭中处于附属地位、家庭和社会地位极易受到动摇和威胁的语言证据,并进一步就诗经时代女性为何会遭遇这种命运的原因进行了简单分析。这一研究内容再次印证了概念隐喻理论的基本观点,说明了隐喻来源于人们的身体经验,是人们体验和思维的表征,通过对具有中国文化特色的文本语料进行分析,也能够验证莱可夫等人关于概念隐喻具有普遍性的论断。本文总共包含六章。第一章是本文的引言部分,由论文的研究背景、研究价值和整体结构等部分组成。第二章是文献综述部分,详细介绍了语言学研究历史中的几种主要隐喻理论,该章同时也包括对《诗经》隐喻的研究情况综述。第三章是本文的理论框架部分,详细阐释了莱可夫和约翰逊概念隐喻理论的重要观点。第四章主要从本文的研究方法入手,介绍了本文的研究目的和研究问题,本文作者对于《诗经》中隐喻提出的识别标准,以及本文所用数据的收集和处理过程等描述。第五章就本文收集的数据进行了分析和讨论,主要内容是就“人是植物”这一大类隐喻的分析讨论。最后,本文在第六章部分讨论了此次研究的主要发现,存在不足并对以后相关研究提出了建议。本文是运用西方现代的认知语言学隐喻理论探讨分析中国传统文学作品的一次尝试。通过西方现代认知理论角度对中国传统文学精粹进行审视与思考,对于更好地理解这些作品、发现新的视角以及获得新的启发都具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:Based on the theory of conceptual metaphor in the genre of cognitive linguistics and the poetry in the Book of songs as a source of analysis, this paper makes an analysis of the metaphor of "man is a plant" in his poems from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. It also tries to analyze the metaphorical experience of people from the language basis provided by the first Chinese poetry anthology and explain these metaphorical experiences. The Book of songs is the earliest collection of poems in China and a brilliant starting point in the history of Chinese literature. The collection of poems is a realistic work, and its ideological and artistic content occupies a very high position in the history of literature in our country and even in the world. "Guofeng" is the first part of the poetry collection of this department, and its source and subject matter are very extensive. It is of great value in reflecting the social, historical and cultural aspects of the creation of works. The study of the Book of songs has received great attention since ancient times, but the study of metaphor in the Book of songs has not been clearly explained in the recognition of metaphors in the Book of songs. This paper will make a comparison between the techniques of Bi Xing and metaphor in the works of the Book of songs. This paper clarifies the criteria for the use of metaphor in the Book of songs. On this basis, by analyzing the metaphorical category of "plants are human" in Guofeng, we find that the life-cycle metaphors only exist in the metaphors for women in the process of comparing the classification of "female is a plant" and "male is a plant". The male metaphors are mainly tree metaphors, and there is no life cycle metaphor. The author holds that the existence of female metaphors in life cycle metaphors is linguistic evidence that women are attached to society and family in the Book of songs, and that family and social status are vulnerable to destabilization and threat. Furthermore, the author makes a brief analysis of the reasons why women encounter this kind of fate in the Book of songs. This research once again confirms the basic viewpoint of conceptual metaphor theory, and explains that metaphor originates from people's body experience and is a representation of people's experience and thinking. It can also verify Lakoff's theory that conceptual metaphor is universal. This article consists of six chapters. The first chapter is the introduction of this paper, which consists of the research background, research value and overall structure. Chapter two is a literature review, which introduces in detail several major metaphor theories in the history of linguistic research, which also includes a review of the studies of metaphor in the Book of songs. Chapter three is the theoretical framework of this thesis, which explains in detail the important viewpoints of Lakoff and Johnson's Conceptual metaphor Theory. The fourth chapter mainly starts with the research methods of this paper, introduces the purpose and problems of this paper, describes the criteria for the identification of metaphors in the Book of songs, and the collection and processing of the data used in this paper. The fifth chapter analyzes and discusses the data collected in this paper, the main content of which is the analysis and discussion of the metaphorical category of "man is a plant". Finally, in the sixth chapter, the main findings of this study are discussed, and some suggestions are put forward. This paper is an attempt to analyze Chinese traditional literary works by using modern cognitive linguistic metaphor theory. It is of great significance to examine and reflect on the essence of Chinese traditional literature from the perspective of western modern cognitive theory, which is of great significance to better understand these works, to discover new perspectives and to gain new inspiration.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H15;I207.22

【引证文献】