现代汉语赞扬语及其应答语研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 03:43

本文选题：赞扬语 + 显性赞扬语　；参考：《哈尔滨师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：赞扬是人们日常交际中不可或缺的一种表积极意义的言语行为，被称为“社会的润滑剂”。本文对搜集的语料进行细致的整理、分类、描写、分析，将赞扬语分为显性和隐性两种分别进行考察。同时，兼顾共性和个性及描写和解释相结合的方法从结构、语义和语用等多个角度对赞扬言行为进行研究。用语言学、语义学方法分析，结合社会语言学理论和方法，找出形成、影响赞扬语及其应答语的因素，分析其语义、语用内涵。第一、先对赞扬语进行界定。首先，用格莱斯和塞尔言语行为理论来论证赞扬是一种言语行为。其次，通过与评价、表扬、恭维、寒暄、感叹等类似言语行为的比较，，来界定本文要研究的赞扬言语行为的范围。第二、研究了显性赞扬语常见的话题、标记词和常见的句式，找出了显性赞扬语的性质和特点。第三、研究了隐性赞扬语。根据话语隐的程度将隐性赞扬语分为典型和非典型两种，分别分析了典型和非典型隐性赞扬语的特点和常见的表达句式。并将隐性赞扬语与显性赞扬语进行比较，找出隐性赞扬语的特点。在此基础上，我们又根据赞扬语外显赞扬程度对赞扬语划分三个等级。第四、分析了显性赞扬语和隐性赞扬语的联系。主要从两者可共现使用、内容、功能和意图等几个方面进行分析。第五、赞扬语是配对性的言语行为，常常伴随着应答语出现。本文在研究赞扬语的基础上分析了赞扬应答语。如应答语的类型、功能和语义特征等来揭示应答语的语用、语义内涵。第六、采用社会语言学的理论，来阐释影响赞扬语及其应答语选择的社会因素。主要从交际双方的年龄、亲疏程度、性别和地位等四个社会语言变体入手。第七、赞扬语和应答语中的说话人和听话人为了使交际顺利进行，双方必须有合作的态度。本文用格莱斯的“合作原则”和利奇的“礼貌原则”来分析赞扬语。由于交际双方关系不同，赞扬者在说出赞扬话语和应答者选用应答方式回应时，必然会涉及礼貌的问题。本文对赞扬语和应答语区分了礼貌等级，更为准确地理解赞扬语在日常交际中的应用。总之，本文从多个角度对汉语赞扬语进行考察，期望能给以后的研究者提供有价值的参考依据，为人们正确认识和使用赞扬语提供一定的参考。
[Abstract]:Praise is an indispensable positive speech act in people's daily communication, which is called "social lubricant". In this paper, the collected corpus is carefully sorted, classified, described and analyzed, and praise is divided into explicit and implicit. At the same time, the methods of combining generality and individuality with description and explanation are used to study praise behavior from the perspectives of structure, semantics and pragmatics. By means of linguistic and semantic analysis, combined with sociolinguistic theories and methods, this paper tries to find out the factors that influence praise and its responders, and to analyze their semantic and pragmatic connotations. First, the definition of praise. First of all, using Grice and Searle speech act theory to prove that praise is a speech act. Secondly, by comparing with evaluation, praise, compliments, pleasantries, exclamations and other similar speech acts, this paper defines the scope of speech acts of praise to be studied in this paper. Secondly, it studies the common topics, markers and sentence patterns of explicit compliments, and finds out the nature and characteristics of explicit compliments. Thirdly, the implicit praise is studied. According to the degree of implicit utterance, the implicit praise is divided into two types: typical and atypical, and the characteristics and common expressions of typical and atypical implicit compliments are analyzed respectively. By comparing implicit praise with explicit praise, we find out the characteristics of implicit praise. On this basis, we divide praise into three grades according to the degree of explicit praise. Fourthly, the relationship between explicit and implicit compliments is analyzed. Mainly from the use of both can be used, content, function and intention to analyze several aspects. Fifth, praise is a paired speech act, often accompanied by responders. On the basis of the study of praise, this paper analyzes the response of praise. For example, the types, functions and semantic features of the responders reveal the pragmatic and semantic connotations of the responders. Sixth, the sociolinguistic theory is used to explain the social factors that influence the choice of compliments and their responders. It mainly starts with four sociolinguistic variants: age, familiarity, gender and status. Seventh, the speakers and hearers in compliments and responders must have a cooperative attitude in order to make communication go smoothly. This paper uses Grice's Cooperative principle and Lich's Politeness principle to analyze praise. Due to the differences in the relationship between the two parties, the question of politeness is bound to be involved in the utterance of praise utterances and the response of respondents. In this paper, compliments and responders are distinguished into politeness levels and the application of compliments in daily communication is more accurately understood. In a word, this paper makes a study of Chinese praise from several angles, hoping to provide valuable reference for future researchers and to provide some reference for people to understand and use praise correctly.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136

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