盐山话语音研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 11:06

本文选题：盐山话 + 儿化　；参考：《河北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：盐山县位于河北东南部，属于冀鲁官话沧州片。盐山话方言有一定的研究价值，但目前对该方言的研究还不够深入。本文主要以盐山县城关镇为方言点，在实地调查的基础上，从共时与历时两个层面对盐山话的语音面貌、语音特点及演变规律进行静态与动态的描写，为沧州片方言研究提供一些参考资料。本文主要讨论五个问题，第一、对盐山话的声韵调系统进行静态描写，并编制出同音字汇表，讨论连读变调与儿化韵，，与特殊读音问题。第二、从声韵调三方面将盐山话与中古语音系统进行对比分析，从纵向的角度观察其语音发展轨迹。第三、将盐山话与近代语音系统进行比较研究，揭示盐山话语音发展的特点。第四、主要讨论中古知庄章在盐山话的读音差异以及古入声字的演变情况。第五、分别从声母、韵母、声调三方面分析盐山话与普通话的语音差异，并探讨其推普对策。经过研究，本文得出以下结论：一、盐山方言语音系统有23个声母，37个韵母，3个声调。该方言存在复杂的连读变调现象，儿化词丰富，此外还存在一些由语流音变引起的特殊读音。二、从中古到现代盐山话声韵调演变的总趋势以简化合流为主。声母方面，古知庄章三组声母的字在该方言读舌尖前音的比例明显大于普通话，其分化与韵母的摄、等、呼有一定的关系；古属疑、影、以、云四个声母，普通话读开口呼零声母的字，该方言读声母。韵母方面，山咸二摄舒声韵母韵尾弱化，演变为鼻化韵；古代属果摄、遇摄的一部分字在普通话的韵母为o或uo，在盐山话演变为或u。声调方面，古浊声母平声字与上声合流；古入声调在盐山话派入到阴平、上声、去声中去，演变条件与声母的清浊有关系。三、从近代到现代盐山话，声母由19个演变为23个，韵母由46个演变为37个，声调由4个演变为3个。声母方面，《中原音韵》的卷舌音在盐山话读为卷舌音与舌尖前音两套声母；从《中原音韵》舌尖前音与舌根音中分化出舌面音；《中原音韵》一部分合口零声母字在盐山话读为声母，一部分开口零声母读为声母；《中原音韵》唇音和舌尖中音的一部分不送气声母的字在盐山话读为送气音；《中原音韵》唇音与合口呼相拼，在盐山话只能与合口u元音相拼。韵母方面，《中原音韵》的m韵尾消失，一部分演变为鼻化韵，一部分与n韵尾合流；由《中原音韵》的介音iu滋生出了撮口y元音，形成四呼格局；由《中原音韵》的元音滋生出了卷舌元音。声调方面，《中原音韵》的阳平在盐山话与上声合流，古清声母入声字在《中原音韵》归入上声调，在盐山话分别派入到阴平、上声、去声。四、本文针对盐山话的语音特点提出了推广普通话的办法。本文的创新点在于，从基本音系、儿化、连读变调及盐山话语音系统几个问题进行描写，通过比较弄清盐山话语音系统的来源与特点，同时针对该方言区的语音特点，对该方言区的人如何学好普通话的问题提出一些办法。
[Abstract]:Yanshan county is located in the southeast of Hebei and belongs to the Jizu dialect of Cangzhou. Yanshan dialect has some research value, but the study of the dialect is not deep enough at present. This article mainly takes the Chengguan town of Yanshan County as the dialect point and on the basis of the field investigation, it faces the phonetic features, phonetic features and evolution of Yanshan dialect from the two layers of synchronic and diachronic layers. Static and dynamic description is provided to provide some reference materials for the study of Cangzhou dialect.
This paper mainly discusses five problems. First, it makes a static description of the sound and rhyme system of Yanshan dialect, and compiles a homophone table to discuss the consonant tone and the rhyme, and the problem of special pronunciation. Second, the comparison and analysis of the phonological system of Yanshan and the middle ancient speech system are carried out from the three aspects of the sound rhyme, and the phonetic development track is observed from the longitudinal angle. Three, a comparative study of Yanshan dialect and modern phonetic system is carried out to reveal the characteristics of the phonetic development of Yanshan dialect. Fourth, the difference in pronunciation and the evolution of ancient entry words in Yanshan dialect are mainly discussed. Fifth, from three aspects of the consonant, vowel and tone, the phonetic differences between Yanshan and Putonghua are analyzed, and their Putonghua is discussed. Policy.
After research, this paper draws the following conclusions:
First, the phonetic system in Yanshan dialect has 23 consonants, 37 vowels and 3 tones. The dialect has a complex tone and variety of tone, rich words, and some special pronunciation caused by the change of the language.
Two, from mediaeval to modern Yanshan dialect, the general trend of sound rhythm evolution is to simplify confluence. In the case of the consonant, the proportion of the three groups of the consonants in the dialect of Guzhi Zhuang Zhang in the dialect is obviously larger than that of the Mandarin, its differentiation and the vowel, and so on. In this dialect, the dialect reads the consonant. In the vowel aspect, the rhyme of the two photography of Shu Sheng vowel is weakened and evolved into a nasal rhyme; the ancient fruit photography, a part of the Chinese vowel in Mandarin is o or uo, in the Yanshan dialect or in the tone of the U., the ancient voiced consonants confluence with the upper sound; the ancient accentuated tone is sent into the Yin, the sound, and the voiceless in the Yanshan dialect. To go, the condition of evolution is related to the voiceless of the consonant.
Three, from modern to modern Yanshan dialect, the consonant has evolved from 19 to 23, and the vowel has evolved from 46 to 37, and the tone has evolved from 4 to 3. In the case of the consonant, the vowel of the Zhongyuan phonology is read as a consonant and a two consonant at the tip of the tongue in the dialect of the Central Plains, and from the central tone to the tongue and the root of the tongue; The consonant zero consonant word is read as the consonant in Yanshan dialect, and a part of the opening zero consonant reads as the consonant; the part of the Zhongyuan phonology, the lip and the tip of the tongue can be read as the air tone in Yanshan dialect; < Zhongyuan phonology > lip sound and Hekou call, in Yanshan dialect, can only be combined with the consonant vowel. In vowel, < Zhongyuan phonology > 'rhyme. Tail vanished, part of the evolution of rhinological rhyme, part and N rhyme confluence; the "central sound rhyme" IU to produce a Y vowel, forming a four vocals, and the vowel of the Zhongyuan phonology bred a vowel. In the tone, "Zhongyuan phonology >" in the Yanshan dialect and the upper sound, the ancient sononas in the Zhongyuan phonology > return. In the tone, Yanshan dialect was sent to Yin Ping, Sheng Sheng and De Sheng.
Four, this paper proposes a way to popularize Putonghua according to the phonetic characteristics of Yanshan dialect.
The innovation of this paper is to describe the problems of the phonetic system in Yanshan dialect from the basic phonology, the childhood, the continuous tone and the voice system of the dialect. By comparing the sources and characteristics of the phonetic system in Yanshan dialect, and aiming at the phonetic characteristics of the dialect area, some methods are put forward to the problem of how to learn the conversation of the dialect in the dialect area.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H172.1

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