《广韵》庄组声母在北方方言中的演变

发布时间：2018-05-20 05:15

本文选题：《广韵》 + 庄组声母　；参考：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文中我们以现代北京方言的中古庄组字声母分化不规则问题为切入点,以北方方言《广韵》庄组字为研究对象,对这一研究对象在纵向和横向两个维度上声母的发展变化进行了全面梳理,从而发现庄组声母大约从金南宋开始就存在南北发展不同步的现象。受到各种条件影响,这种南北发展的不同步,使《广韵》庄组字的声母在现代汉语北方方言中呈现纷繁复杂的面貌。本文通过分析明清韵书和现代方言,按庄组字的分化情况将北方方言划分为界限明晰的五个类别,并分别描述了各个类别的大致发展脉络。最终得出,《广韵》庄组声母,在元明时代的南京官话中消失较早,在北方官话中一直作为独立的声母,直到清代初年才真正消失。现代北京方言庄组字声母分化不规则是明代南京官话、明代北方官话和满清官话三种官话交叉融合的结果。本文的引言部分主要指出了北京方言庄组字分布不规律中暗含的规律性,并肯定了现代北京方言受到南京方言影响的结论。第一章对《广韵》的全部庄组字进行了梳理并得出庄组字在《广韵》中二、三等大致互补分布的特点。第二章纵向整理了中古庄组字从上古到明代的声母流变过程,并把元代以后的庄组声母分成北方官话和南京官话两个系统进行讨论。第三章横向整理了《广韵》庄组字在现代汉语北方方言中的声母情况,细致地划分了演变类型,大致指出了不同类型的分布范围。第四章把纵向和横向结合起来,以明清韵书为桥梁,连接《广韵》音系和现代汉语方言,对方言中庄组字声母的不同演变类型的发展脉络进行了梳理,并适当作出解释。在本章第六部分,我们对全文结论进行了总结,综合描绘了《广韵》庄组字声母的音值流变和与其它声母字的分合情况,并对“知庄章合流”这一说法提出怀疑。本文的第五章对论文判断声母分合的依据进行了说明,补充了《广韵》知组声母发展的脉络,解释了部分特殊变化和例外变化的庄组字。总的来说,从《广韵》至元代以前,庄组声母的变化主要表现在音值上上而明清庄组声母的变化,主要表现在因章组声母介音逐渐消失而导致的庄组字发生的各种变化上。
[Abstract]:In this paper, we take the irregular consonant differentiation of the middle ancient Zhuang formation characters in modern Beijing dialect as the breakthrough point, and take the northern dialect < Guangyun > Zhuang formation character as the research object. The development and change of the initial consonants in both vertical and horizontal dimensions are comprehensively combed, and it is found that the consonants of Zhuang formation have been out of step with each other since the beginning of the Jin and the Southern Song dynasties. Influenced by all kinds of conditions, this kind of development of north and south makes the consonants of Zhuangzhuang formation appear complicated and complicated in modern Chinese northern dialects. By analyzing the rhyme books of Ming and Qing dynasties and modern dialects, this paper divides northern dialects into five distinct categories according to the differentiation of Zhuangzhuanzi, and describes the development of each category. Finally, it was concluded that the initial consonants of Zhuang formation disappeared early in the Nanjing Mandarin in the Yuan and Ming dynasties, and as independent consonants in the Northern Mandarin until the beginning of the Qing Dynasty. The irregular consonant differentiation of Zhuang formation in modern Beijing dialect is the result of the cross fusion of three kinds of Mandarin in the Ming Dynasty: Nanjing Mandarin, Northern Mandarin and Manchu Mandarin. The preface of this paper mainly points out the implied regularity in the irregular distribution of Zhuangzi in the Beijing dialect and affirms the conclusion that the modern Beijing dialect is influenced by Nanjing dialect. In the first chapter, all the Zhuang formation characters in Guangyun are combed and the characteristics of the general complementary distribution of Zhuangzhouzi in the second and third classes of Guangyun are obtained. In the second chapter, the process of consonant evolution of middle Guzhuang formation from ancient times to Ming Dynasty is arranged, and the consonant of Zhuang formation after Yuan Dynasty is divided into two systems: northern Mandarin and Nanjing Mandarin. In the third chapter, the author arranges the consonants of Zhuangzhuang formation characters in modern Chinese northern dialects, classifies the evolution types in detail, and points out the distribution range of different types. The fourth chapter combines vertical and horizontal, taking the rhyme book of Ming and Qing Dynasty as the bridge, connecting the phonetic system of "Guangyun" and modern Chinese dialect, combing the development of different types of evolution of the consonant of Zhanzhuang formation in the other side, and making an appropriate explanation. In the sixth part of this chapter, we summarize the conclusion of this paper, describe the change of initial consonant value of Zhuangzhuang character and its combination with other consonants, and raise doubts about the theory of "knowing Zhuangzhang confluence". In the fifth chapter, the basis of judging consonant is explained, which complements the development of group consonants in Guangyun, and explains some special and exceptional changes of Zhuang group characters. In general, from "Guangyun" to "Yuan Dynasty", the changes of the initial consonants of Zhuang formation were mainly on the top of the phonetic value, and the changes of the initial consonants of the Ming and Qing groups were mainly reflected in the changes of the characters of the Zhuang formation caused by the gradual disappearance of the initial consonants of the Zhang Group.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H17

【参考文献】