名量合成词的构词特点及语体特点

发布时间：2018-05-21 15:33

本文选题：名量合成词 + 表形特征　；参考：《北京大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代汉语中有这样一类合成词,如“船只、米粒、房间”等,这类词之所以被学者关注,最初是由于其在构词上是由一个名词性语素后加一个量词性语素形成的,而现代汉语中的量词多出现在名词之前,所以这类合成词具有其特殊性,值得学界关注和探讨。本文将采用数据统计与对比分析相结合的研究方法,以在前人研究中尚未得到充分关注的名量合成词的内部构词成分这一角度为出发点,分析名量合成词中的名词和量词的特点,同时从“语体”这个外部角度着眼,细致考察名量合成词的语体分布情况,以期从“内”、“外”两方面对这类合成词有一更全面、深入的认识。本文主体共分为四个部分。因为名量合成词在学界的界定以及划分标准各不一样,因此本文首先将对这些标准进行梳理,从而划定本文的研究范围,即我们所要讨论的名量合成词,并对其进行分类。其次,依据表形特征对名量合成词中的量词进行分类,并通过统计数据说明量词的表形特征会影响其参与构成名量合成词的数量及其构词能力。然后,我们将依据生命度特征对名量合成词中的名词进行分类并解释,通过基本的数据统计,证实生命度特征亦是参与构成名量合成词中的名词的重要特征。最后,本文将从语体这个外部角度观察名量合成词整体的语体分布情况,发现名量合成词比较集中地分布在用语准确度高、逻辑严密度高的语体中,结合相关历时研究我们认为名量合成词之所以呈现这样的语体分布状况与其来源有关,并推测出其语体特点形成的发展历程。
[Abstract]:In modern Chinese, there is such a kind of compound word, such as "boat, rice grain, room" and so on. This kind of word is concerned by scholars at first because it is formed by a nominal morpheme followed by a quantifier morpheme. In modern Chinese, quantifiers appear before nouns, so this kind of compound words has its particularity and deserves academic attention and discussion. In this paper, the method of combining data statistics with comparative analysis will be used to study the internal word-formation components of nominally compound words, which have not received sufficient attention in previous studies. This paper analyzes the features of nouns and quantifiers in nominal-quantitive compound words, and from the external angle of "stylistic", makes a detailed study of the distribution of nominal-quantitive compound words in order to have a more comprehensive view of these compound words from the aspects of "inside" and "outside". An in-depth understanding. The main body of this paper is divided into four parts. Because the definition and division standard of nomadic compound words are different in academic circles, this paper firstly combs these standards, and then delimits the research scope of this paper, that is, the name and quantity compound words that we want to discuss, and classify them. Secondly, classifying quantifiers in nominally compound words according to the form features, and through statistical data to show that the form features of quantifiers will affect the number and word-formation ability of the nominally composed words. Then, we will classify and explain the nouns in the nominals according to the characteristics of life degree. Through the basic statistics, it is proved that the life feature is also an important feature of the nouns in the nominally composed words. Finally, from the perspective of the external style, this paper will observe the overall distribution of nominal-quantitative compound words, and find that the nominal-quantitive compound words are distributed in the style with high accuracy and high logical rigour. Based on the relevant diachronic study, we think that the distribution of nominals is related to their source, and we infer the development course of their stylistic characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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