《朱子语类》时间副词研究

发布时间：2018-05-22 08:31

本文选题：朱子语类 + 时间副词　；参考：《浙江财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：时间副词是汉语副词系统当中的一个重要小类。现代汉语的时间副词大约有130个，占据副词总数的大概30%。本文调查了宋代142个时间副词，数量大致相当。因此，时间副词是研究汉语语言系统不可忽视的重要部分。本研究选取了在汉语语法史中占有重要地位的《朱子语类》作为语料，将其中的时间副词作为考察对象。本文通过对专书的词汇进行穷尽式的考察研究，采取共时与历时相结合，使用定性与定量相结合，分类描写与个案研究相结合的研究思路，对《朱子语类》中的时间副词做出全面系统的考察，分析并归类。通过对该书时间副词系统概况及其源流演变的研究调查，以求尽可能多地了解近南宋时期时间副词的形成过程和发展演变历史。本文主要由以下几个部分构成：第一章绪论对选取的语料《朱子语类》进行了版本说明以及研究现状阐述，阐明论文的选题意义、研究方法，并对该书的时间副词进行界定与分类。第二章至第五章是文章的主体部分我们在借鉴张谊生、陆俭明和马真等人对时间副词定义和分类的基础上，结合《朱子语类》时间副词的具体使用情况，将其划分为四个子类:表时制副词、表时体副词、表频副词和表序副词。这四个子类又可以细分为其他小类，表时制副词包括表示时点副词、表时段副词、表时段或时点副词；表时体副词包括有定时体副词和无定时体副词；表频副词包括高频副词、中频副词、低频副词和变频副词；表序副词包括表次序副词和表重复副词。针对不同类别的时间副词，我们都做出了统计和句法功能描写。通过历时的调查与研究，我们对其中一些现象做了对比，并利用相关理论做出详尽的描写与解释。第六章《朱子语类》时间副词的特点通过对《朱子语类》中时间副词结构和用法的分析，，我们发现本书的时间副词呈现以下特点：1、存在不对称现象；2、同源排斥竞争现象；3、双音节化现象。最后是结语部分。《朱子语类》时间副词既有历史的继承又有新的发展，同时也具有时代的特色和自身特点。我们将《朱子语类》的时间副词作为一个相对封闭的系统进行共时的分析研究，同时侧重于这些时间副词的功能特征和历时的变化，以揭示时间副词在这一特定历史时期的风貌。
[Abstract]:Temporal adverb is an important subcategory in Chinese adverb system. There are about 130 adverbs in modern Chinese, accounting for about 30% of the total number of adverbs. This paper investigates 142 time adverbs in Song Dynasty, the number of which is about the same. Therefore, temporal adverbs are an important part of the study of Chinese language system. In this study, Zhu Zi, which plays an important role in the history of Chinese grammar, is selected as the corpus, and the temporal adverb is used as the object of investigation. Through the exhaustive investigation and study of the vocabulary of the special book, this paper adopts the idea of combining synchronic and diachronic, combining qualitative and quantitative, classifying description and case study. This paper makes a comprehensive and systematic investigation, analysis and classification of time adverbs in Zhu Zi. By investigating the general situation of temporal adverb system and its origin and evolution in this book, the author tries to understand as much as possible the formation process and development history of temporal adverbs in the recent Southern Song Dynasty. This paper is composed of the following parts: The first chapter is introduction to the selected corpus "Zhu Zi language category" for the version of the description and the status quo of the study, to clarify the significance of the topic of the paper, research methods, and to define and classify the time adverb of the book. The second to fifth chapters are the main part of the article. Based on the definition and classification of temporal adverbs by Zhang Yisheng, Lu Jianming and Ma Zhen, we combine the specific use of time adverbs in Zhuzi language category. It is divided into four subcategories: temporal adverbs, frequency adverbs and ordered adverbs. These four subclasses can be subdivided into other subclasses. The time adverbs include time adverbs, temporal adverbs and untimed adverbs, and frequency adverbs include high frequency adverbs. Intermediate frequency adverbs, low frequency adverbs and variable frequency adverbs; order adverbs include order adverbs and repeated adverbs. For different types of time adverbs, we have made statistical and syntactic description. Through diachronic investigation and research, we compare some of these phenomena, and use relevant theories to make detailed description and explanation. Chapter VI the characteristics of time adverbs in "Zhu Zi language Class" by analyzing the structure and usage of time adverbs in "Zhu Zi language Category". We find that the time adverbs in this book are characterized by the following characteristics: 1: 1, 2 asymmetry, 3 homologous exclusion of competition, and 2 double syllable. The last part is the conclusion. The time adverb has not only the historical inheritance but also the new development, at the same time, it has the characteristics of the times and its own characteristics. We study the temporal adverbs of Zhu Zi as a relatively closed system, and focus on the functional characteristics and diachronic changes of these adverbs. In order to reveal the temporal adverbs in this particular historical period of style.
【学位授予单位】：浙江财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H141

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