从现代汉语方言看中古汉语的浊音清化

发布时间：2018-05-23 14:00

本文选题：汉语方言 + 中古汉语　；参考：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：全浊清化是汉语史上的一项重要演化规律。前人多从音系学的角度出发,注重声类上的讨论。本文在此基础上,尝试加入语音学的分析。通过《现代汉语方言音库》①所提供的40个方言点的全浊字例的今读情况,归纳出六类不同的清化模式。同时,利用该音库提供的录音材料,以及笔者对吴语宁波话的实地调查,我们认为吴语、湘语等存浊的方言,其浊音的语音实质主要是弛声。以此为参照,再结合《切韵》时代的声调和梵汉对音情况,我们认为《切韵》时代的全浊声母是常态带声。全浊声母在清化前首先经历了分化的阶段。浊音清化的大致过程为：b→b6/p→ph浊平→pb浊平归次清pb浊仄p浊仄归全清《切韵》时代宋初邵雍《声音唱和图》(南宋或南宋之后)浊音清化的内在机制很可能是由于汉语的双音节化使得双音节音步中的重读音节获得语音凸显,弱的浊辅音获得了强化的契机,进而引发了浊音清化这一演变。在浊音清化的过程中,声母的发音方法、发音部位、声调等诸多因素都能对其产生影响。
[Abstract]:Turbid Qinghua is an important law of evolution in Chinese history. Previous people from the point of view of phonology, pay attention to the discussion on the category of sound. On this basis, this paper tries to add the analysis of phonetics. Based on the present reading of the total turbid characters of 40 dialect points provided by the phonetic Library of Modern Chinese dialects, six different types of Qinghua models are concluded. At the same time, using the recording materials provided by the sound bank, and the author's field investigation of Ningbo dialect of Wu dialect, we think that the phonetic essence of Wu dialect and Xiang dialect is mainly relaxation sound. As a reference, combining with the tone of the "Chi Yun" era and the situation of the Fanghan antiphonic, we think that the total turbid consonant of the "Chi Yun" era is the normal band sound. The whole turbid consonant first experienced the stage of differentiation before the Qing Dynasty. The general process of purging of voiced sound is: B / b / 6 / p / v / v It is because of the double syllable in Chinese that the stress syllable in the two-syllable step gets the phonetic prominence. The weak turbid consonant got the opportunity of strengthening, which led to the evolution of turbid consonant. In the process of purging, many factors, such as initial pronunciation method, pronunciation position, tone and so on, can influence it.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H173

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