汉语口语教材中招呼语使用情况的调查研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 10:43

本文选题：汉语招呼语 + 口语教材　；参考：《吉林大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在日常生活中，打招呼是人们见面时普遍使用的一类交际行为，是说话人肯定自己与被招呼者之间关系的一种标志。不同的民族有不同的打招呼方式，这体现了各个民族不同的社会交往习惯。所以，招呼语的运用既受到交际对象、交际情景等因素的制约，又受到文化、心理、社会等背景因素的限制。如果招呼语使用不当，就会影响交际的顺利进行。而在跨文化交际中，外国留学生在使用汉语招呼语时出现的交际失误的现象普遍存在。本文将招呼语分为言语型和非言语型两类，其中言语型分为问候式、称谓式、叹词式、即景式、调侃式、复合式六类，非言语型分为体态式和伴随语言式两类。按招呼语分类情况，统计出《发展汉语》系列口语教材、北大版系列口语教材中被招呼对象为“熟悉-平辈”、“熟悉-长辈”、“陌生-平辈”、“陌生-长辈”四种交际关系时，相对应的常用招呼语类型分别为：复合式、称谓式、问好式、复合式招呼语。根据以上统计结果，我们设计了针对吉林大学学生招呼语使用情况的调查问卷。通过SPSS软件，统计出在日常交际中被招呼对象为“熟悉-平辈”、“熟悉-长辈”、“陌生-平辈”、“陌生-长辈”四种交际关系时，相对应的常用招呼语类型分别为：称谓式、问好式、称谓式和称谓式。同时分析得出，作为招呼方，其性别对选择何种类型招呼语不产生影响。在教材统计结果和调查问卷研究结果对比的基础上，我们提出教材中招呼语的编写应贴近实际生活，，注重交际情景的设置；教材中除包含常用的招呼语类型外，还应介绍叹词式等不常用类型；重视介绍招呼语的文化内涵。而教师在教学过程中应重视招呼语的教学，采取循序渐进的教学策略，同时着重运用情景教学与实践教学相结合的教学方法。
[Abstract]:In daily life, greeting is a kind of communication behavior commonly used when people meet, and it is a sign that the speaker affirms the relationship between himself and the person being called. Different ethnic groups have different ways of greeting, which reflects the different social communication habits of different nationalities. Therefore, the use of greeting language is not only restricted by communicative objects, situations and other factors, but also by cultural, psychological, social and other background factors. If the greeting language is not used properly, it will affect the smooth progress of communication. In cross-cultural communication, the phenomenon of foreign students' communication errors in the use of Chinese greeting language is common. In this paper, the greeting language is divided into two types: verbal type and non-verbal type. Among them, verbal type is divided into greeting type, address type, interjection type, scene type, ridicule type, compound type, and non-verbal type can be divided into body type and accompanying language type. According to the classification of greeting language, we can find out the series of spoken English textbooks of "developing Chinese". In the series of spoken English textbooks of Peking University, the objects of greeting are "familiarity-level generation", "familiarity and elder generation", "strange generation", "familiar senior generation", In the four kinds of communication relations between strangers and elders, the corresponding types of greeting words are compound, appellation, hello and compound greeting. Based on the above statistical results, we designed a questionnaire for the use of greeting language in Jilin University. By using SPSS software, the four kinds of communication relationships, such as "familiarity", "familiarity and seniority", "strangers and elders", are identified as being called for in daily communication. The corresponding types of greeting words are: addressing, greeting, addressing and addressing. At the same time, the gender has no influence on the choice of greeting language. On the basis of the comparison between the statistical results of the textbooks and the results of the questionnaire, we propose that the preparation of greeting words in the textbooks should be close to the actual life and pay attention to the setting of communicative situations, and that the textbooks should contain the commonly used greeting language types. We should also introduce the types of interjections and pay attention to the cultural connotations of greeting words. In the process of teaching, teachers should pay attention to the teaching of greeting language, adopt step by step teaching strategy, and emphasize the teaching method combining situational teaching with practical teaching.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

【引证文献】