韩国初中级汉语学习者的名量词习得难点及名量词搭配研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 17:23

本文选题：韩国初中级汉语学习者 + 汉韩名量词　；参考：《山东大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：汉语中,量词是一个独立的词类。在现代汉语中,数词和名词连用时,中间必须要用量词。在汉语里,量词特别发达。汉语拥有丰富的量词,给外国学习者在学习汉语时造成了很大困难,量词学习是外国留学生学习汉语过程中的一个重要难点。“什么量词和什么名词搭配?”,“什么情况下用什么量词比较合适?”这一直是外国学生深感头痛的问题。量词在中韩两国的日常生活中都使用得很广泛。量词使用可以说是汉语和韩语共同拥有的一大特点。既然韩语也有量词,那么学习汉语的韩国学习者为什么依然觉得量词难学呢? 汉／韩量词除了主要功能相似以外,在其他方面存在不少差异,尤其是词义及用法的差异给学习和教授两种语言的人带来了很大的困扰。本文首先对汉韩量词的相关性进行初步分析,然后以韩国初中级汉语学习者为对象进行问卷调查,依据问卷结果对韩国初中级汉语学习者的名量词习得难点和原因进行分析,最后建立《HSK》词汇大纲的名量词搭配表。在第一章中,笔者阐述了本论文的研究对象的选择背景及研究意义,并参考了其他学者关于汉语量词的研究成果,有关于汉语量词的分类及语义的研究、名量词研究、对外汉语量词研究、针对外国留学生习得部分和对外汉语名量词的研究(因为本论文的量词研究范围限定为名量词,所以没论述名量词以外其他量词的研究)以及中韩两国量词对比研究。在第二章中,主要进行了中韩量词的相关性分析。先根据已有的研究成果分析两国量词的概况,然后对比分析中韩两国相关、不相关量词。在第三章中,笔者针对韩国初中级学习者的名量词习得难点进行调查分析。主要是通过问卷调查的研究方法,问卷考察对象是韩国初中级汉语学习者,最后依据问卷调查的结果统计分析韩国学生学习量词产生难点的原因以及在完善汉语教材方面提出了几点建议。第四章的内容是基于《HSK词汇大纲》的名词和量词的搭配研究。目前尚未有专门针对外国的汉语学习者提供的名词和量词搭配研究,所以本章利用《HSK词汇大纲》进行统计分析,做出便于外国学习者学习的名词和量词搭配表。第五章是本文的最后一章,包括结语部分。这一章中,笔者综合汉韩量词对比研究和问卷调查结果,阐述了本次研究的目的和不足之处。量词是汉语的特点之一,也是母语非汉语的学习者学汉语的难点之一。我作为一名韩国留学生,希望本论文完成的量词和名词之间的搭配表,能够帮助外国汉语学习者更容易地掌握汉语的量词,并为汉语教学者提供教授汉语量词的素材。通过对韩国学生使用汉语量词偏误的原因进行分析、研究,将有助于教学者对韩国学生进行有针对性的量词教学。
[Abstract]:In Chinese, quantifier is an independent part of speech. In modern Chinese, quantifiers must be used between numerals and nouns. In Chinese, quantifiers are particularly well developed. There are abundant quantifiers in Chinese, which makes it very difficult for foreign learners to learn Chinese. The learning of classifiers is an important difficulty in the process of learning Chinese for foreign students. "what classifiers match with what nouns?" under what circumstances is it more appropriate to use what classifiers? " This has always been a headache for foreign students. Quantifiers are widely used in the daily life of China and Korea. The use of quantifiers can be said to be a common feature of both Chinese and Korean. Since Korean also has classifiers, why do Korean learners still find it difficult to learn classifiers? Apart from the similarity of the main functions of Chinese / Korean classifiers, there are many differences in other aspects, especially the differences in the meaning and usage of words have brought great difficulties to people who learn and teach two languages. This paper first analyzes the correlation between Chinese and Korean classifiers, and then makes a questionnaire survey on Korean junior and middle level Chinese learners. Based on the results of the questionnaire, the author analyzes the difficulties and causes of the acquisition of nominal quantifiers by Korean junior and middle level Chinese learners. Finally, the collocation list of nominal classifiers in the outline of < HSK > is established. In the first chapter, the author expounds the background and significance of the research object, and refers to the research results of other scholars on Chinese classifiers, including the classification and semantics of Chinese classifiers, and the research of nominal-classifiers. The study of classifiers in TCFL is aimed at the acquisition of classifiers by foreign students and the research on noun classifiers in TCFL (because the research scope of classifiers in this paper is limited to nominal-classifiers, Therefore, there is no discussion on the study of classifiers other than nominal classifiers) and the contrastive study of Chinese and Korean classifiers. In the second chapter, the correlation between Chinese and Korean quantifiers is analyzed. Based on the existing research results, this paper analyzes the general situation of quantifiers in the two countries, and then compares the relative and irrelevant quantifiers between China and South Korea. In the third chapter, the author investigates and analyzes the difficulties in the acquisition of nominal quantifiers by Korean junior and middle level learners. Mainly through the questionnaire survey method, the questionnaire survey object is the Korean junior and middle level Chinese learners, Finally, based on the results of the questionnaire survey, this paper analyzes the reasons for the difficulties caused by Korean students' learning quantifiers and puts forward some suggestions on how to improve the Chinese teaching materials. The fourth chapter is about the collocation of nouns and classifiers based on the outline of HSK Vocabulary. At present, there is no research on the collocation of nouns and classifiers provided by foreign Chinese learners, so this chapter makes a statistical analysis by using HSK Vocabulary syllabus to make the collocation tables of nouns and classifiers that are convenient for foreign learners to learn. The fifth chapter is the last chapter of this paper, including the conclusion. In this chapter, the author synthesizes the contrastive study of Chinese and Korean classifiers and the results of questionnaire, and expounds the purpose and deficiency of this study. Quantifier is one of the characteristics of Chinese, but also one of the difficulties for non-Chinese learners to learn Chinese. As a Korean student, I hope the collocation between classifiers and nouns in this thesis can help foreign Chinese learners master Chinese classifiers more easily and provide Chinese teachers with materials for teaching Chinese classifiers. By analyzing the reasons of Korean students' errors in using Chinese classifiers, the research will be helpful to the teaching of Korean students.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】