从不同语体看现代汉语动词重叠的不平衡性

发布时间：2018-06-01 01:31

本文选题：现代汉语 + 动词重叠　；参考：《西北师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文以现代汉语不同语体中运用的动词重叠式为研究对象，以三个平面理论为基础，以动词重叠式与不同语体的互相选择和适配能力的对比分析为构思的框架和写作思路，力求对动词重叠式在汉语不同语体中运用的不平衡现象进行多角度的尝试性研究，最终达到对不平衡性规律的揭示。综观近些年来语言学者对动词重叠的研究，我们发现学者们关注较多的是动词重叠的形式、语法意义、表达功能、语用意义以及对动词可否重叠的理据的考察等等，，而较少涉及语体风格对动词重叠的影响。我们从汉语大量的语用材料可以发现，汉语不同语体对动词重叠式的容纳力存在不平衡性，如书面语体中一般较少容纳重叠式而口语体中却能大量出现动词重叠式，具书面语风格的动词一般较难重叠运用而具口语风格的动词却常常可以重叠使用。这当中的不平衡性是否有一定的规律可循呢？这正是本文力图要揭示的现象。文章从摘录、考察《现代汉语词典》（第五版）中所有标注了词性的动词入手，结合实际语料中的例子，理清汉语“语体”涵义的发展脉络以及不同语体的风格色彩特征，对具有不同语体风格的同义或近义动词的重叠运用进行归纳比较，揭示了它们存在不平衡现象的规律所在。文章从以下几个部分进行了探索论证：第一部分主要是结合各家之前的研究成果，分析从不同语体风格看动词重叠不平衡性问题提出的原因和研究现状，对已有的研究成果有一个比较清晰的认识；第二部分从现代汉语不同语体风格的几组同义动词重叠的实例说起，结合最近十几年语言学者的相关研究，对重叠式这一语法现象的研究历史及现状做了全面细致的考察，对每一个侧面小类的研究，首先厘定其概念，然后从历时和共时两个视角着眼，在明确其概念的前提下，通过对该领域存在的诸多论点进行有针对性的归纳总结，最后力求形成一个较全面较统一的认识，或者摆出争议，谨起抛砖引玉的作用。第三部分对现代汉语语体研究历史及现状做了综述性整理研究。重点讨论了：“语体”概念内涵的发展演变过程；汉语不同语体所具有的风格特征；汉语词语的不同语体风格特征。试图通过对汉语不同语体及汉语词语不同语体风格特征的考察，进而探索不同语体与动词重叠式的适配性及其间存在不平衡性的理据。第四部分讨论不同语体与动词重叠式的选择性适配问题。主要讨论：不同语体风格对动词重叠式选择上的不平衡性；不同语体风格动词重叠运用的不平衡性；祈使句环境下看汉语不同语体中动词重叠式运用的不平衡性；标题语中动词重叠式的特殊运用。文章从展示大量动词重叠现象入手，通过对比归纳，最后以强有力的实证来达到对汉语不同语体及汉语不同语体风格动词重叠式运用不平衡规律的揭示。本文运用语言学的一些理论和方法，结合新的语言事实，同时注意形式和意义相结合、静态和动态相结合、结构和功能相结合、描写和解释相结合、共时和历时相结合的方法和原则，力争从一个新的视角来审视动词重叠这一语言现象。动词重叠式丰富的表达功能体现了汉语的多样性与灵活性。对动词重叠式这一语法现象进行研究，对于全面准确地把握汉语的本质规律、指导语言运用、语言教学以及中文信息处理等都有重要意义。最后，对全文作了回顾和总结，指出了理论建树和研究困惑，并对研究前景作了预期和展望。
[Abstract]:This paper, based on the three plane theory, is based on the verb overlapping in different languages in modern Chinese, and compares the choice of each other and the ability to adapt to different styles as the frame of conception and the thinking of writing, and strives for the imbalances in the use of the verb overlapping in different Chinese languages. A multi angle trial study reveals the law of imbalance.
Looking at the study of verb reduplication by the linguists in recent years, we have found that scholars pay more attention to the form of verb overlapping, grammatical meaning, expression function, pragmatic meaning and the possibility of verb reduplication, but less on the effect of stylistic style on verb reduplication. It is found that there is an imbalance in the capacity of the verb reduplication in different Chinese styles, for example, in the written language, there is a large number of overlapped verbs in the oral style, but the verbs with the written style are often difficult to overlap and are often reduplicated. Is there any regularity in sex? This is what we are trying to reveal.
This article, from the excerpt, examines all the verbs in the modern Chinese Dictionary (Fifth Edition), and combines the examples in the actual corpus to clarify the development of the meaning of the Chinese language and the style and color characteristics of different styles of language, and to compare the overlapped use of the synonymous or near meaning verbs with different stylistic styles. The law of the imbalances in them is shown.
The article explores and demonstrates from the following sections.
The first part is to analyze the reasons and research status of the unbalance of verb reduplication from different stylistic styles, and have a clear understanding of the existing research results.
The second part, from the examples of the overlapping of several synonymous verbs in different stylistic styles in modern Chinese, makes a thorough investigation of the history and present situation of the study of the overlapping grammatical phenomenon, combining with the relevant studies of the linguists in the last decade. In the two perspective, on the premise of defining its concept, through a specific summary of the arguments that exist in this field, we will finally strive to form a more comprehensive and unified understanding or a dispute.
The third part makes a summary and Study on the history and present situation of modern Chinese style research. It focuses on the development and evolution process of the concept of "style", the style characteristics of different Chinese styles, different stylistic features of Chinese words and Chinese words and phrases, trying to pass the different stylistic styles of different Chinese and Chinese words. Then we investigate the adaptability of different styles and verb reduplication and the reasons for their imbalance.
The fourth part discusses the problem of selective adaptation to the overlapping of different styles and verbs. The main discussion is: the imbalances in the choice of the overlapped verbs in different stylistic styles; the imbalances of the use of the overlapping verbs in different stylistic verbs; the imbalances in the use of the overlapped verbs in different Chinese languages under the circumstances of the imperative sentence; in the title language The special use of verb reduplication. The article starts with a large number of verb overlaps and compares and concludes with a strong empirical study to reveal the unbalance rule of the overlapping application of Chinese different stylistic verbs and Chinese different stylistic verbs.
This paper, using some theories and methods of linguistics, combines the new linguistic facts with the combination of form and meaning, the combination of static and dynamic, the combination of structure and function, the combination of description and interpretation, the method and principle of combining time and diachronic, and striving to examine the verb overlapping of the language from a new perspective. The duplication of expressive functions embodies the diversity and flexibility of the Chinese language. The study of the grammatical phenomenon of the verb overlapping is of great significance to the comprehensive and accurate grasp of the essence of the Chinese language, the use of language, the teaching of language and the processing of Chinese information.
Finally, the paper gives a review and summary, points out the confusion of theoretical research and research, and forecasts and prospects the research prospects.
【学位授予单位】：西北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】