中英体育新闻中隐喻认知的对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-04 09:38

本文选题：体育报道 + 世界杯　；参考：《南京理工大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：1980年莱考夫和约翰逊所撰的《我们赖以生存的隐喻》将隐喻研究由语言层面上升到了认知层面。研究者已不再将隐喻看作一种单纯的语言现象或修辞手段,而是人们赖以生存的一种认知工具与思维方式。随着隐喻研究的不断细化,许多学者已经开始对某些具体领域如政治,经济,科技等语篇中的隐喻现象进行深入的剖析。体育新闻报道作为一种特殊的新闻文体不仅要客观准确地报道体育比赛的过程和结果,更要运用各种语言技巧最大限度的将比赛的氛围以及激烈程度呈现给读者,而隐喻必然是不可或缺的手段之一。然而相对于其他类型的语篇而言,有关体育新闻报道中隐喻使用的研究还很有限,更缺少不同语言之间的对比研究。鉴于此现状,本文以当代认知隐喻理论为理论框架,尝试对比分析中英体育新闻报道中隐喻使用的异同。随着国际交流的日益加强,世界杯作为一项全球性的体育赛事,越来越受到全世界的广泛关注和喜爱。因此,本文以2010年世界杯报道为语料来源。中文语料选自《体坛周报》,共计32,595字。英文语料来自《纽约时报》共计32,049词。通过对中英报道中概念隐喻(conceptual metaphor)以及隐喻表达式(metaphorical expression)的对比,本文试图解决以下问题：中英体育新闻报道在概念隐喻和隐喻表达式的使用上有何异同?产生这些异同的深层次原因有哪些? 分析发现中英体育新闻报道都大量使用了隐喻,所运用的概念隐喻类型基本相同,但也略有差异。两文本中共同使用的概念隐喻共有13类：战争隐喻,其他体育运动隐喻,戏剧隐喻,容器隐喻,人类隐喻,旅途隐喻,食物隐喻,建筑隐喻,植物隐喻,动物隐喻,特殊文化隐喻,通感隐喻,自然隐喻。其中前五类概念隐喻在中英语料中都占到隐喻总量的80%左右,其中战争隐喻使用频率最高。两者差异之处在于武器隐喻,赌博隐喻只出现在中文报道中,而梦隐喻只出现在英文报道中。中英报道所使用的概念隐喻类型大致相同可能是由于人类相似的认知机制和日常体验。此外,本文结合例句尝试性地分析了每一类概念隐喻形成的原因。在同一类概念隐喻下,中英体育新闻报道使用的隐喻表达式既有相同之处也存在差异,主要表现为类别以及使用频率上的不同。比如战争隐喻下中文报道使用的隐喻表达式种类要比英文报道高很多,而英语文本中旅途隐喻的使用频率要比中文高。本文尝试性的将这些不同归因于文化的差异性,以及不同的历史经历,社会、地理环境等。本文研究结果希望能对英语教学以及今后体育报道中隐喻的对比研究有一定的借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:"Metaphor", written by Lakoff and Johnson in 1980, raised metaphor from the language level to the cognitive level. The researchers no longer regard metaphor as a simple language phenomenon or rhetorical device, but a cognitive tool and way of thinking that people depend on. With the continuous refinement of metaphor research, many of them have been studied. Scholars have begun to analyze metaphors in some specific fields such as politics, economy, science and technology.
As a special kind of news style, sports news reports should not only report objectively and accurately the process and results of sports competitions, but also use various language skills to maximize the atmosphere and intensity of the competition to the readers, while metaphor is an indispensable means. The research on the use of metaphor in sports news reports is still limited, and there is a lack of comparative study between different languages. In view of the present situation, this paper tries to compare and analyze the similarities and differences of the use of metaphor in Chinese and English sports news reports with contemporary cognitive metaphor theory as the theoretical framework.
With the increasing international exchange, the world cup, as a global sports event, is becoming more and more widely concerned and loved by the world. Therefore, this article takes the 2010 World Cup as the source of the language material. The Chinese corpus is selected from "the weekly newspaper", a total of 32595 words. The English corpus from < New York Times > total 32049 words. Through the Chinese and English newspapers In the contrast of conceptual metaphor and metaphorical expression, this paper tries to solve the following questions: what are the similarities and differences of the use of conceptual metaphor and metaphorical expression in Chinese and English sports news reports? What are the underlying causes of these similarities and differences?
It is found that metaphors are used in both Chinese and English sports news reports. The types of conceptual metaphors used are basically the same, but they are also slightly different. There are 13 categories of conceptual metaphors used in the two text: war metaphor, other sports metaphor, drama metaphor, container metaphor, human metaphor, journey metaphor, food metaphor, architectural metaphor, plant Metaphors, animal metaphors, special cultural metaphors, synaesthesia metaphors, and natural metaphors. Among them, the first five conceptual metaphors account for about 80% of the total metaphorical total, of which war metaphors use the highest frequency. The difference lies in weapon metaphors, gambling metaphors only appear in Chinese reports, and dream metaphors only appear in English reports. The similar types of conceptual metaphors used in Chinese and English reports may be due to the similar cognitive mechanism and daily experience of human beings. In addition, this article attempts to analyze the reasons for the formation of each category of conceptual metaphors.
In the same class of conceptual metaphors, the metaphorical expressions used in Chinese and English sports news reports have both similarities and differences, mainly in categories and in the frequency of use. For example, the types of metaphorical expressions used in Chinese reports under war metaphor are much higher than those in English, and the frequency of use of travel metaphors in English Texts This paper attempts to attribute these differences to cultural differences, as well as different historical experiences, social and geographical environments.
The findings of this study can be used for reference in English teaching and the comparative study of metaphor in sports reports.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H15;H315

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