现代汉语“X就是X”格式研究

发布时间：2018-06-18 16:56

本文选题：“X就是X”格式 + 句法　；参考：《上海外国语大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：“X就是X”这一格式在现代汉语中使用较为普遍。格式基本语义是“强调性确认X”，有“就是X，不是其他”的意思，带有强烈的个人感情和主观倾向，上下文语境对格式的理解十分重要。本文遵循描写与解释相结合的原则，以格莱斯的“合作原则”等理论为指导，具体运用对比分析等多种方法，从结构构成、篇章分布、语义和语用等角度对“X就是X”格式进行研究。文章主体分为三个部分：在句法构成上，可以进入“X就是X”的主要是体词性结构和谓词性结构，以体词性结构为主。体词性结构具体又分为名词、定中结构、数量名结构和“的”字结构等类型。谓词性结构具体分为动词性结构、形容词和状中结构等类型。可以进入格式的体词性词语语义的描述性语义特征比较显著，可以进入格式的谓词性词语主要是自主动词。对结构中的“就是”，一般做“就+是”的切分，但在结构后带语气词“吧”和“就是”可用“就”替换的情况下，将“就是”视为一个整体不再切分开来。在篇章分布方面，我们认为，，格式既可以单独成句，也可以作单句的句法成分，还可以作复句的分句。格式单独作为句子或小句时，在语篇中既可以作始发句，也可以作后续句，还可以在始发句和后续句之间起承上启下的作用。格式的主要语篇衔接手段是人称代词和重复关系。 “X就是X”是一个构式，表示“对X进行强调性确认，也即就是X，不是其他”。但其所带的个人感情和主观倾向则会因语境的不同而产生改变，这种语境意义也是其整体语义的一部分，在没有明确的语境的情况下，这方面的意义是不可测的。对具体的意义的理解，需要我们结合上下文语境进行分析。从语用语义类型来看，“X就是X”主要强调事实的客观性、事物的突出特点、人或事物的本质属性稳定不变、坚定的态度。
[Abstract]:"X is X" is widely used in modern Chinese. The basic semantic meaning of format is "emphasizing confirmation X", which means "X is not anything else". It has strong personal feelings and subjective tendencies, and context is very important to understand the format. This paper follows the principle of combining description with explanation, guided by Grice's "Cooperative principle" and makes use of various methods, such as comparative analysis, from the structure, text distribution, etc. From the perspective of semantics and pragmatics, the paper studies the format of "X is X". The main body of the article is divided into three parts: in syntactic structure, the main body structure of "X is X" is the aspect structure and predicate structure, and the aspect structure is the main part of speech. The part of speech structure is divided into noun, definite middle structure, quantity name structure and "word" structure. Predicate structure can be divided into verb structure, adjective and middle structure. The descriptive semantic features of the body parts of speech words that can enter the format are obvious, and the predicate words that can enter the format are mainly autonomous verbs. In the case of "is" and "can be used" after the structure, the word "is" is not cut apart as a whole any more, but in the case of "yes" and "can be used" after the structure, the word "is" is usually used as "is" in the case of "is" and "is" in the case of "can be" replaced by "can be". In the aspect of text distribution, we think that the format can be used either as a single sentence, as a syntactic component of a single sentence, or as a clause of a complex sentence. When the form is used as a sentence or clause alone, it can be used as both the starting sentence and the subsequent sentence in the text, and it can also play a connecting role between the original sentence and the following sentence. The main textual cohesive devices of the format are personal pronouns and repetitive relations. "X is X" is a construction that means "make an emphatic confirmation of X, that is, X, not anything else." However, their personal feelings and subjective tendencies will change with the difference of context, which is also a part of the whole semantic meaning, and the meaning of this aspect is unpredictable in the absence of a clear context. To understand the concrete meaning, we need to analyze the context. From the perspective of pragmatic semantic types, "X is X" mainly emphasizes the objectivity of facts, the prominent characteristics of things, the stable and unchanging nature of people or things, and their firm attitude.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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