和顺方言助词研究

发布时间：2018-06-20 06:31

本文选题：和顺方言 + 结构助词　；参考：《山西师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文主要对和顺方言助词的各项用法做了详实准确的分析，通过方言与方言、方言与普通话等的比较，揭示、凸显了和顺方言的某些特点，提出、分析了一些相关的问题。共分为五章。引言部分首先介绍了和顺县地理概况和历史沿革；接着介绍了助词研究概况，主要从山西境内晋语助词研究概况和非晋语区助词研究概况两个方面进行描述；另外，从和顺方言音系、和顺方言助词及和顺方言分片三个方面对和顺方言概况进行了描写；最后就本文的选题意义，研究方法和调查对象进行了阐述。第一章主要分析了和顺东部片方言的各个助词，首先分析了结构助词“哩”在和顺方言中与普通话结构助词“的、地、得”相当的各项功能。“哩1”用法相当于普通话的结构助词“的”，，可以用于多种语义类型的定中短语中间起连接的作用；其次对动态助词做出分析，主要描写了动态助词中使用频率较高的“哩4”和“佬”。“哩4”相当于普通话的动态助词“着”，表示动作在进行或状态在持续，“佬”作动态助词，宾语可分别表示时量、动量、程度和存现等；最后作者就语气助词进行分析，主要描写了语气助词“哩”、“兰”、“U;”和“佬”，这些语气助词用在陈述句末尾，表示不同的语气，并具有足句作用。在表示疑问语气时，主要是用于不同的疑问句尾表示疑问，全句语调上升。用在感叹句句末，表示强调某一事实或者强调说话者强烈愿望的感叹语气。第二章分析了和顺西部片方言的各个助词，也主要是对结构助词、动态助词和语气助词这三类助词进行探讨，首先探讨了与普通话相似的结构助词“的、地、得”，另外还有“些儿”、“动佬”。“些儿”近似于普通话的“点儿”，“动佬”相当于普通话的“…的时候”；在动态助词方面，主要描写了动态助词“得”和“佬”，动态助词附在动词或形容词之后，表不同的时态或状态；最后对语气助词做出分析，主要分析了语气助词“哇”“昂”和“佬”。“哇”在和顺方言中通常用于句尾，表示各种情态语气。“昂”作语气词时，相当于普通话中表示说话人态度或情感的一组语气词；“佬”做语气词，主要表虚拟语气。第三章重点讨论了和顺方言中四个特殊助词“那”、“连”、“地的”和“呀地”。“那”相当于普通话的结构助词“的”，文章通过分析“那”的具体使用情况来表现它的特殊性；“连”相当于普通话动态助词“了”，表示动作的已然；“地的”和“呀地”也只是在和顺西部方言片中才使用的特殊助词，用于连接修饰和被修饰成分。第四章对和顺方言的几组助词进行了对比分析，其中包括“哩”和“那”的对比分析，“U;”和“兰”的对比分析。“哩”和“那”都相当于普通话结构助词“的”，而具体用法却不相同，其中表现为在一定的语境下不可相互替换，“那”不用于“的”字结构，“哩”一般作为“的”字结构中附加后缀出现。另外“哩”可用于谓语动词后面强调动作的施事者或其他，用在两个同类的词或词组之后，表示“等等、之类”的意思，还相当于普通话中表示动补关系的“得”和状中关系的“地”，“那”都没有这些用法，可以说“那”的用法没有“哩”的用法广泛；另外对“U;”和“兰”也做了对比分析，U;”和“兰”都表示已然的语法意义，但是他们还是有细微区别的。“U;”表示的是过去不久前曾经发生过的事情或动作行为，“兰”表示的是现在已经发生或者完成的事情或动作行为。第五章分别对和顺方言助词中的“哩”和“那”等的演变历程和语法化过程做了分析。文章首先否定了“哩”和语气词“哩”、方位词“里”的同源关系，论证了结构助词“哩”是“的”、“地”、“得”的同音变体；然后又分析论证了和顺方言中的结构助词“那”是由指示代词的“那”发展而来。起初“那”进入“x+哩+那+Y”的结构，后来“那”的远指意义逐渐变为虚指，成为与“哩”作用相似的虚词。结语部分概括了本文的主要内容，总结归纳了对一些观点的看法，提出了本文的创新之处和不足之处。
[Abstract]:This paper makes a detailed and accurate analysis of the usage of the auxiliary words of Heshun dialect , reveals the characteristics of Heshun dialect through the comparison between dialect and dialect , dialect and Putonghua , and puts forward that some relevant problems are analyzed .

The introduction part introduces the geographical situation and historical evolution of Heshun county first .
Secondly , the general situation of the word - aid research is introduced , which is mainly described from two aspects : the research situation in Shanxi and the study of non - Jin dialect ;
In addition , this paper describes the general situation of Heshun dialect from three aspects : the phonetic system of Heshun dialect , the auxiliary words of Heshun dialect and the dialect of Heshun dialect ;
At last , the thesis expounds the significance , research methods and objects of the thesis .

The first chapter mainly analyzes the auxiliary words of the dialect in the eastern part of Heshun dialect , and first analyzes the function of the structure - assisted word " mile " in Heshun dialect , which is equivalent to the structure of Mandarin . " mile 1 " is equivalent to the structure - aid of Mandarin , which can be used for the middle of the middle of the different types of semantic types ;
Secondly , the dynamic auxiliary words are analyzed , which mainly describes the use of " mile 4 " and " Yankee " in dynamic auxiliary words .
At the end of the declarative sentence , the author points out that the tone of a certain fact or the strong desire of the speaker is emphasized .

In the second chapter , the author discusses the different kinds of auxiliary words in the western part of Heshun , and mainly discusses the three kinds of auxiliary words which are similar to Mandarin . First , the author probes into the structure - aid words similar to Putonghua , and also discusses the words " some children " and " jerks " . " Some children " are close to the " little " of Mandarin , and " the Yankees " are equivalent to Mandarin . . Time " ;
In terms of dynamic auxiliary words , the dynamic auxiliary words " Chad " and " Yankee " are mainly described , and the dynamic auxiliary words are attached to verbs or adjectives , and the tables are different in tense or state ;
At the end of the paper , the author analyzes the words and phrases , mainly analyzes the words " Wow " and " Yankee " . " Wow " is usually used in the harmony dialect to express various modal tones . When " Ang " is a word , it is equivalent to a group of words expressing the attitude or emotion of the speaker in Mandarin .
" Man " is a word , the main form of subjunctive mood .

The third chapter focuses on the four special auxiliary words " that " , " Lian " , " ground " and " ah land " in Heshun dialect . " That " is equivalent to the structure of Mandarin , the article shows its particularity by analyzing the specific usage of " that " ;
" Even " is equivalent to the Putonghua dynamic help word " , " indicating the action ' s satisfaction ;
The words " ground " and " earth " are only special words used in the western dialect of Heshun , which are used to connect the modified and modified components .

The fourth chapter makes a comparative analysis of several groups of auxiliary words in Heshun dialect , including the comparative analysis of " mile " and " that " , " U ; " and " blue " contrast analysis . " mile " and " that " are equivalent to Mandarin structure words " , " that " is not used in " word structure " , " the " is not used in " word structure " , " the " is not used in " the " word structure , " that " does not use the word structure , " that " does not use these usage , can say " that " usage is not " mile " usage extensively ;
In addition , " U ; " and " blue " also made comparative analysis , U ; " and " blue " all represent the meaning of the meaning of grammar , but they are slightly different . " U ; " means something or acts that have happened in the past , and " Lan " represents what has happened or has been done or acts of action .

The fifth chapter analyzes the evolution course and the grammar process of " mile " and " that " in the auxiliary words of Heshun dialect , respectively . At first , we reject the homologous relationship between " mile " and " mile " and " inner " of the word " mile " , and prove the homophone variation of " mile " , " ground " and " get " .
Then the author analyses that the structure - aid words " that " in the Heshun dialect are developed by the " that " of the indicator . At first , " that " entered the structure of " x + mile + that + Y " , and then the meaning of " that " gradually became a virtual finger , and became an imaginary word similar to " mile " .

The concluding part summarizes the main contents of this paper , summarizes the views of some viewpoints , and puts forward the innovations and shortcomings of this article .
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H172

【参考文献】