功能语言学视角下演讲语篇元功能比较研究

发布时间：2018-06-24 08:51

本文选题：功能语法 + 英语演讲辞　；参考：《燕山大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：演讲是指演讲者面对听众，以口头语言为主,辅以适当的非口头语言，就某一问题发表自己的看法意见，或阐说某一事理，并互相交流信息的真实的社会活动过程。不同类型的演讲辞受到不同因素的影响，各自具有不同的文体特点。本文主要研究十类情境下英文演讲辞的三个元功能在词汇语法层面上的特点。比较这些演讲辞的特点具有哪些异同？为什么存在这些异同？怎样解释这些异同点？旨在为文体写作教学提供有价值的理论及实践依据。本文以韩礼德的功能语法为理论基础，采用定量分析与对比分析相结合的方法，从概念功能，人际功能以及语篇功能三方面对演讲辞进行了元功能分析，研究其在词汇语法层的表现特点。研究范围包括及物性系统，语气情态系统和主位结构。语料为网上选取的十类情境中的一百篇演讲辞，每类十篇，建成十个语料库用以统计数据。研究结果表明：第一，所研究的演讲辞虽然情境不同，但都旨在引导听众接纳认同演讲者的观点，因此从及物性系统出发，各类演讲辞均主要以物质过程为主，其次是关系过程和心理过程，而言语过程，行为过程以及存在过程出现较少。第二，在语气情态系统方面，就语气系统而言，各类情境中的演讲者的目的大多是为了阐述自己的观点或描述客观现实，因此在语气方面陈述语气占绝大多数，而祈使句与疑问句则较少出现。就情态系统而言，各类演讲辞中中值情态动词的使用明显高于低值情态动词和高值情态动词,并且情态动词使用频率也存在很大差异。在人称代词方面，，第一人称使用最多，其次是第三人称单数和第二人称，第三人称复数使用的最少。第三，从主位的角度来分析，各类演讲辞中无标记主位的使用远远超过有标记主位，并且有标记主位的使用频率无明显差异。此外有标记主位中绝大多数都是附加语充当主位，少数由补语构成。
[Abstract]:Speech refers to a real social process in which the speaker is faced with the audience, mainly in oral language, supplemented by appropriate non-verbal language, to express his own opinion on a certain issue, or to explain a certain principle, and to exchange information with each other. Different types of speeches are influenced by different factors and have different stylistic characteristics. This paper focuses on the features of the three metafunctions in lexical and grammatical aspects of English speeches in ten situations. What are the similarities and differences between these speeches? Why are these similarities and differences? How do you explain these similarities and differences? The purpose is to provide valuable theoretical and practical basis for stylistic writing teaching. Based on Halliday's functional grammar, this paper analyzes the metafunctions of the speech from three aspects: conceptual function, interpersonal function and textual function by combining quantitative analysis with contrastive analysis. This paper studies its characteristics at the lexical and grammatical level. The research scope includes transitivity system, mood modality system and thematic structure. The corpus consists of 100 speeches in ten kinds of situations selected on the Internet, ten speeches in each category, and ten corpora are built for statistical data. The results show that: first, although the situations of the speeches studied are different, they are all aimed at guiding the audience to accept the views of the speakers. Therefore, from the perspective of the material system, all kinds of speeches are mainly material processes. The second is the relation process and the psychological process, but the speech process, the behavior process and the existence process appear less. Second, in the aspect of modal system, as far as mood system is concerned, the purpose of the speakers in all kinds of situations is to express their own views or to describe the objective reality. Imperative sentences and interrogative sentences are less common. As far as modality system is concerned, the use of median modal verbs in various speeches is obviously higher than that of low-valued modal verbs and high-valued modal verbs, and the frequency of modal verbs is also very different. In the aspect of personal pronouns, the first person uses the most, the third person singular number and the second person claim, the third person plural number uses the least. Thirdly, from a thematic point of view, the use of unmarked themes in various speeches is far greater than that of marked themes, and there is no significant difference in the frequency of use of marked themes. In addition, most of the marked themes are used as the theme, and a few are composed of complement.
【学位授予单位】：燕山大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H052

【参考文献】