英语母语者学习汉语声调阴平、阳平、去声的教学设计

发布时间：2018-07-01 13:46

本文选题：对外汉语 + 教学设计　；参考：《华中师范大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：在汉语作为第二语言教学中,声调既是难点也是重点。外国人,尤其是母语为语调语言的学习者,在说汉语时影响他人理解的最大原因,就是汉语声调掌握的不准确。这种现象在以英语为母语的学习者中最为普遍。本文试图通过对比英汉语音系统中的共通点,探讨如何以母语正迁移的策略进行声调教学,使英语母语者更快更好的学会汉语声调阴平、阳平、去声。本文共分为四章。第一章是绪论,阐明了本文研究的内容、创新点及研究意义,并列出了迄今为止的汉语声调教学研究主要成果。指出当今对于母语为语调语言的汉语学习者的声调教学研究主要集中在英汉语音系统的迥异和汉语声调学习偏误分析,尤其是母语负迁移现象上,提到母语正迁移策略的几乎没有。第二章为英汉语音系统共同点对比研究。根据前人研究成果以及自己的学习经历和教学经历,本章将英汉语音系统相同点进行对比,打破了传统认为英汉两种语言在语音层面无法进行类比学习和研究的思维惯式。通过分别阐述英汉语的声调、语调等语音特征,我们分析出英汉语的语音系统具有可对比性,并初步提出了两者语音上的一些类似点,为后面母语正迁移教学方案提供了理论依据。第三章先论证了母语正迁移教学策略的可行性,然后根据对比研究结果,分析总结了英语语音与汉语声调语音特征的相似之处：英语非末尾音节的词重音与汉语阴平调型一致,调值基本一致；英语高升调与汉语阳平、高降调与汉语去声调型—致,调值稍有不同。基于此结论,本文提出了新的声调教学方案——以母语正迁移教学策略进行汉语声调阴平、阳平、去声的教学,并模拟出了一份新教学教案,引领以已知带动未知的新学习模式,供对外汉语教师参考。具体就是利用英汉语音特征相同点,将已知的单词发音特征类推到汉语声调学习中来,对比进行发音练习,学生正确掌握声调之后,此法还有利于课下的自我纠音正调。最后一章总结全文。英汉语音系统有着相通性,合理利用母语正迁移策略进行教学,不仅对老师来说省时省力,更能提高学生学习汉语的积极性和自信心。本文为对外汉语声调教学提供了新的思路,笔者在自己的听说课堂上实践此法后取得了较好的效果,但也自知此法难免还有许多不足之处,希望在未来能有更多人对新的方案进行理论完善和实践验证。
[Abstract]:In the teaching of Chinese as a second language, tone is both difficult and important. The most important reason for foreigners, especially native intonation language learners, to influence the understanding of other people when speaking Chinese is the inaccuracy of Chinese tone. This phenomenon is most common among native English learners. By comparing the common points in English and Chinese phonological systems, this paper attempts to explore how to use the strategy of positive transfer of mother tongue in tone teaching in order to enable native speakers to learn Chinese tones more quickly and better. This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter is an introduction, which illustrates the content, innovation and significance of this study, and lists the main achievements of the research on Chinese tone teaching. It is pointed out that the study of tone teaching for native intonation language learners is mainly focused on the differences between English and Chinese phonological systems and the analysis of Chinese tone learning errors, especially on the phenomenon of negative transfer of mother tongue. Hardly any mention is made of the strategy of positive transfer of mother tongue. The second chapter is a contrastive study of common points between English and Chinese phonetic systems. Based on the previous research results and their own learning experience and teaching experience, this chapter compares the similarities between English and Chinese phonetic systems, breaking the traditional thinking that both English and Chinese can not be studied by analogy at the phonological level. By explaining the tone and intonation of English and Chinese respectively, we find out that the phonetic system of English and Chinese is comparable, and put forward some similarities between the two phonetic systems. It provides a theoretical basis for the later positive transfer of mother tongue teaching program. The third chapter first demonstrates the feasibility of the teaching strategy of positive transfer of mother tongue, and then, according to the results of comparative study, analyzes and summarizes the similarities between English pronunciation and Chinese tone phonetic characteristics: the word stress of English non-end syllable is consistent with the negative tone type of Chinese. The tone of English is similar to that of Yangping, and the tone of Chinese is slightly different from that of Chinese. Based on this conclusion, this paper puts forward a new teaching scheme of tone teaching, that is, using positive transfer of mother tongue teaching strategy to teach Chinese tone yin, yang level and dissonance, and simulates a new teaching plan. To guide the new learning model with known and unknown for TCFL teachers' reference. In particular, by using the similarities between English and Chinese phonological features, the known pronunciation features of words can be deduced to the Chinese tone learning, and the pronunciation exercises are carried out by contrast. After the students have mastered the tone correctly, this method is also conducive to the self-correction of the positive tone in class. The last chapter summarizes the full text. The English and Chinese phonetic system has the similarity, the reasonable use of the mother tongue positive transfer strategy to carry on the teaching, not only saves time and effort to the teacher, but also can enhance the student's enthusiasm and self-confidence to learn Chinese. This paper provides a new way of thinking for the teaching of Chinese tones as a foreign language. The author has achieved good results after practicing this method in his own listening and speaking class, but he also knows that there are still many shortcomings in this method. Hope that in the future, more people will be able to improve the theory and practice of the new scheme.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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