现代汉语“把”字句与无标记受事主语句的比较研究

发布时间：2018-07-12 08:26

本文选题：“把”字句 + 无标记受事主语句　；参考：《南京林业大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代汉语“把”字句与无标记受事主语句之间存在着相当密切的关系。句法平面上分析并比较了“把”字句和无标记受事主语句的主语、谓语和宾语。研究发现,“把”字句的主语表人的占绝大多数,而无标记受事主语句的主语基本上是表物的；心理动词,如“知道”、“明白”等可以出现在主谓短语作谓语的无标记受事主语句中,却不能出现在“把”字句中；二者谓语后带宾语的情况不是两种句式常见的用法。语义平面上比较两种句式的语义角色,发现“把”字句中施事出现在句子最前面充当主语。无标记受事主语句中的施事一般不出现在句首,不能充当整个句子主语。论文还比较了两种句式的构式义,并给出了二者的构式图。语用平面上从两种句式的信息安排及语篇适应性两方面展开。在大多数情况下,两者谓语前的部分为已知信息,谓语部分为未知信息。“把”字句在书面语中出现的频率高,而无标记受事主语句在口语体中出现频率高。论文还研究了两种句式相互转换的条件及能否转换的原因。
[Abstract]:There is a close relationship between the sentence "Ba" and the unmarked subject sentence in modern Chinese. The subject, predicate and object of "Ba" sentence and unmarked subject sentence are analyzed and compared in syntactic plane. The study found that the subject of the "Ba" sentence is the majority of the people, while the subject of the unmarked subject statement is basically the object of the object; the psychological verb, such as "know", "clear" can appear in the unmarked subject sentence of the subject-predicate phrase, but not in the "Ba" sentence, and the case where the predicate is followed by an object is not a common use of the two sentences. Comparing the two semantic roles in semantic plane, we find that the agent appears in the front of the sentence as the subject. The agent in the unmarked subject sentence does not appear at the beginning of the sentence and can not act as the subject of the whole sentence. The paper also compares the constructional meanings of two kinds of sentence patterns and gives their construction diagrams. The pragmatic plane is divided into two aspects: information arrangement of two kinds of sentence patterns and textual adaptability. In most cases, the part before the predicate is known information and the predicate part is unknown information. "Ba" sentence appears frequently in written language, while unmarked subject sentence appears frequently in colloquial style. The paper also studies the conditions for the two sentence patterns to be converted and the reasons for whether they can be converted.
【学位授予单位】：南京林业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

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