《辩十四声例法》及“五音”试解

发布时间：2018-07-12 14:11

本文选题：《辩十四声例法》 + 十四音　；参考：《语言研究》2011年01期

【摘要】：《广韵》所附《辩十四声例法》,是隋以前以梵文韵学分析汉语声韵的珍贵遗存,而素称难解,本文试图对它予以校勘解释。先校误字,后与梵文字母作了系统比较。指出此"例法"是由于针对汉语声韵特点而将"十四音"说中国化了,包含7类元音与7类辅音,在《十四音》遗说注解中虽近于解复派,但与吴敬恒所理解的"解复"派分法不同。其中还糅合了《五音声论》的理念。由而再解释"五音宫商角徵羽"除对声母外,又可对韵母,考论《切韵》"东江支鱼"的顺序实际袭自李登《声类》、吕静《韵集》的"以五声命字",声类即指五声宫商角徵羽之分类。并引证战国至隋对姓氏的五音分类,以及唐代及以后姓氏五音分类的变化(包括敦煌《切韵》刻本的五姓注记、藏文的《人姓归属五音经》及《事林广记》),作出了解释。
[Abstract]:The appended "the method of arguing Fourteen Sound examples" attached to "Guangyun" is a precious relic of Sanskrit rhyme analysis in Sanskrit before Sui Dynasty, which is difficult to understand. This paper attempts to collate and explain it. First correct the word error, and then with the Sanskrit alphabet to make a systematic comparison. It is pointed out that this "example method" is based on the Chinese phonological characteristics, and it contains seven vowels and seven consonants, although it is similar to the complex explanation in the annotation of "14 syllables". But it is different from Wu Jingheng's understanding of "resolving complex" method. There is also a mix of the idea of the pentatonic sound theory. And then explain that "Wuyin Gong Shang Jiao Zheng Yu" can not only be used for consonants, but also for vowels. The study on the order of "Dongjiang Branch Fish" actually follows from Li Deng, Lu Jing's "five words of Life", which refers to the classification of "Wusheng Gong Shang Jiao Zheng Yu". It also explains the classification of five sounds of surnames from warring States to Sui Dynasty, as well as the changes of the classification of five sounds of surnames in Tang Dynasty and after that (including the notes of five surnames in the engraved edition of Dunhuang, the Classics of five sounds belonging to people's surnames in Tibetan and the Book of Shilin Guang Ji).
【作者单位】：中国社会科学院语言研究所;上海高校比较语言学E-研究院;
【分类号】：H113

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