英德母语者对普通话声调的感知和发音

发布时间：2018-07-14 15:48

【摘要】：本文使用实验语音学的手段,对英德母语者对普通话阴平、阳平和去声的感知以及单字调和双字调的发音进行了研究。全文共分为四部分：第一部分,引言。介绍了前人对普通话母语者声调的感知、学习者声调的感知,以及前人对英德母语者汉语声调发音的研究,提出了本文想要研究的问题。第二部分,声调的感知研究。包括学习者对阴平和阳平、阴平和去声的感知实验研究。辨认实验结果表明,英德初级学习者和中级学习者对阴平和阳平、阴平和去声的感知都呈现出范畴化感知的特征。但区分实验的结果与辨认实验并不相吻合。区分实验结果发现,英德初级学习者对声调的绝对音高变化更敏感,随着学习时间的增长,中级学习者有向母语者靠拢的趋势。第三部分,声调的发音研究。包括学习者对单字调和双字调的发音研究。实验结果表明,单字调发音的难易顺序为：阳平最难,上声次之,阴平再次之,去声最容易。学习者发音的调域较母语者窄。五度值的表现也与母语者不同。双字调发音时,难易顺序与单字调相同,前字的发音要好于后字的发音。不论单字调还是双字调的发音,监控条件强时要好于监控条件弱时。
[Abstract]:By means of experimental phonetics, this paper studies the perception of Putonghua in English and German native speakers as well as the pronunciation of single word and double tone. The full text is divided into four parts: the first part, introduction. This paper introduces the perception of the tones of the native speakers of Putonghua, the tones of the learners, and the tone pronunciation of the native speakers of English and Germany, and puts forward the questions to be studied in this paper. The second part is the study of tone perception. Including learners' perception of Yin and Yang Ping, Yin Ping and dissonant experiment. The results of identification experiments show that the perception of Yin and Yang Ping, Yin Ping and de-sound of primary and intermediate learners in England and Germany shows the characteristics of categorization. However, the results of the discrimination experiment are not consistent with the identification experiment. The results show that English and German primary learners are more sensitive to the change of tone absolute pitch. With the increase of learning time, intermediate learners tend to move closer to native speakers. The third part, the tone pronunciation research. It includes a study of learners' pronunciation of single word and double tone. The results show that the order of difficulty is: Yangping is the most difficult, the upper voice is the second, Yin is the second, and the sound is the easiest. The range of pronunciation of learners is narrower than that of native speakers. Five degrees also differ from native speakers. In double tone pronunciation, the order of difficulty is the same as that of single tone, and the pronunciation of the former is better than that of the latter. Whether single or double tone pronunciation, the monitoring conditions are better than the weak monitoring conditions.
【学位授予单位】：北京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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