现代汉语中的被字句：语段推导
发布时间：2018-07-16 11:43
【摘要】：被字句的句法生成复杂性主要在于赋格问题与“被”字的性质问题。本文总结归纳了学术界对汉语“被”字性质以及被字句的句法生成的一些提法，前人对被字句的研究主要集中在规定或描述句法，缺乏循环性与统一性，与普遍语法的精神相左，，因而笔者提出在最简句法框架下对被字句进行语段的推导，并参照最简句法的格理论对其中的赋格问题进行解答。句子的生成是动态推导的过程，被字句也是按照语段为单位动态生成的。文章用语段理论分析了被动句并提出三条假设。第一，“被”属于功能语类。笔者认为“被”属于功能语类，“吸收”轻动词不可解释特征从而使之去功能化，实现特征的继承并为外主目语赋格。据此得出第二条假设，被动短语与轻动词短语等价，从而被动短语也可以是语段。第三，传统的被字句与新型被字句呈互补分布，并且理论上同一个句子中可以同时使用两个及以上的“被”。
[Abstract]:The complexity of syntactic generation of Bei mainly lies in the problem of fugue and the nature of the word Bei. This paper summarizes and summarizes some references to the nature of Chinese "Bei" and syntactic generation of Bei in academic circles. Previous researches on Bei mainly focus on prescribing or describing syntax, lacking in circularity and unity. Contrary to the spirit of universal grammar, the author puts forward the derivation of the sentence segment under the simplest syntactic framework, and answers the fugue problem with reference to the case theory of the simplest syntax. The generation of sentences is a process of dynamic derivation. This paper analyzes the passive sentence and puts forward three hypotheses. First, "be" belongs to the functional category. The author thinks that "be" belongs to the category of functional language, and "absorbs" light verb can not explain the feature so that it can be disfunctionalized, which can inherit the feature and make fugue for the external subject. The second hypothesis is that the passive phrase is equivalent to the light verb phrase, so the passive phrase can also be a segment. Thirdly, the traditional quilt sentence and the new-type quilt sentence have complementary distribution, and theoretically two or more quilts can be used in the same sentence at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2126281
[Abstract]:The complexity of syntactic generation of Bei mainly lies in the problem of fugue and the nature of the word Bei. This paper summarizes and summarizes some references to the nature of Chinese "Bei" and syntactic generation of Bei in academic circles. Previous researches on Bei mainly focus on prescribing or describing syntax, lacking in circularity and unity. Contrary to the spirit of universal grammar, the author puts forward the derivation of the sentence segment under the simplest syntactic framework, and answers the fugue problem with reference to the case theory of the simplest syntax. The generation of sentences is a process of dynamic derivation. This paper analyzes the passive sentence and puts forward three hypotheses. First, "be" belongs to the functional category. The author thinks that "be" belongs to the category of functional language, and "absorbs" light verb can not explain the feature so that it can be disfunctionalized, which can inherit the feature and make fugue for the external subject. The second hypothesis is that the passive phrase is equivalent to the light verb phrase, so the passive phrase can also be a segment. Thirdly, the traditional quilt sentence and the new-type quilt sentence have complementary distribution, and theoretically two or more quilts can be used in the same sentence at the same time.
【学位授予单位】：上海外国语大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H146
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