《新华歇后语词典》中歇后语语义分析

发布时间：2018-07-21 12:14

【摘要】：歇后语是汉民族所特有的语类,反映了汉民族的思维和文化,是人民群众集体智慧的结晶,通过人们口头上的传播得以继承和发展,是汉语中的精华。本文是依据温端政主编的《新华歇后语词典》,我们抽取其中的典型歇后语为研究对象。首先是对歇后语的规约意义进行分析,分出几个类：指称义歇后语、比喻义歇后语、形容义歇后语、表示义歇后语和兼义歇后语。并总结出了各类歇后语的释义模式,最典型的释义模式有四种。其次是根据歇后语语面和语底的语义关联方式来对歇后语进行分类,可以分为两个大类：句关联的歇后语和字词关联的歇后语。每个大类下面又分为若干小类。文章并从这一角度归纳出各类歇后语的释义模式。接着我们分析了歇后语的感情色彩意义,它是歇后语最重要的色彩意义。经过统计,我们发现,具有讥讽意味和责骂意味的歇后语是整个歇后语系统的主要部分,歇后语体现说话人的态度和形象。最后我们用隐喻转喻和概念合成理论对歇后语的形成方式和理解机制进行了简要探讨。本文的理论价值在于,从两个角度对歇后语进行分类并总结出释义模式,指出歇后语最重要的色彩意义是含有讥讽和责骂意味的感情色彩意义,并用认知语言学的相关理论对歇后语形成和理解机制进行阐释,这将对歇后语今后的研究有一定的帮助。应用价值在于,可以帮助人们更好地理解和应用歇后语,对歇后语的词典编纂有一定借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:Xiehouyu is a special language category of the Han nationality, which reflects the thinking and culture of the Han nationality, is the crystallization of the collective wisdom of the people, inherits and develops through the oral communication of the people, and is the essence of the Chinese language. This paper is based on "Xinhua Xiehouyu Dictionary", which is edited by Wen Duanzheng. First of all, it analyzes the statutory meaning of Xiehouyu, and divides it into several categories: allegorical Xiehouyu, metaphorical Xiehouyu, descriptive semantic Xiehou, meaning Xiehouyu and concurrent semantic Xiehou. And summed up all kinds of Xiehouyu interpretation model, the most typical interpretation of four models. Secondly, according to the semantic relevance of Xiehouyu surface and background, it can be classified into two main categories: sentence relevance and word-related Xiehou. Each large category is subdivided into several subclasses. From this point of view, the article concludes the interpretation models of all kinds of Xiehouyu. Then we analyze the emotional color meaning of Xiehouyu, which is the most important color meaning of Xiehouyu. Through statistics, we find that the Xiehouyu with the meaning of sarcasm and scolding is the main part of the whole system of Xiehouyu, which embodies the attitude and image of the speaker. Finally, we use metonymy and conceptual synthesis theory to discuss the formation and understanding mechanism of Xiehouyu. The theoretical value of this paper lies in the classification of Xiehouyu from two angles and the summing up of the mode of interpretation, and points out that the most important color meaning of Xiehouyu is the emotional meaning with the implication of sarcasm and scolding. The formation and understanding mechanism of Xiehouyu are explained with the relevant theories of cognitive linguistics, which will be helpful to the future study of Xiehouyu. The application value lies in that it can help people to understand and apply Xiehouyu better, and can be used for reference in the lexicography of Xiehouyu.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H136.3

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