常用部首教学法及其在高级阶段对外汉字教学中的应用

发布时间：2018-07-22 14:01

【摘要】：汉字与汉语言以及汉民族文化有着千丝万缕的联系。在对外汉语教学中应该重视汉字教学,尤其是到了汉字习得的高级阶段,留学生汉字识字量达到一定水平,急需要展开对汉字形义系统的整合与汉字所携带中国文化的教学输入,使汉语习得者能够形成系统的“汉字思维”。但是由于我国对外汉语长期采用“词本位”的教学理论,对汉字教学重视不够,对于高级阶段的汉字教学并没有专门的针对性强的教学理论论述,在实践方面,高级阶段的汉字教学也几乎处于空白的局面。鉴于高级阶段汉字教学的重要性以及其教学内容任务与教学现状的严重脱节,本论文将致力于整理出针对高级阶段留学生的系统的汉字教学方案,并试图将其应用于实践教学。该方案所采用的主要教学方法为常用部首教学法。常用部首是以《汉字部首表》中201个主部首与100个附形部首为基础,筛选出在现代汉字中成字率高且在留学生考试中较常用到的142个部首。常用部首教学法整合借鉴了部件、偏旁、部首教学法、理据识字法、字源法等优秀教学方法,以常用部首分类展示、常用部首字源展示、常用部首文化展示为课堂主要讲授方式将这142个部首有条理有步骤适当地展现在学生面前,最终达到高级阶段汉字教学目的。本文最后分析了汉字常用部首教学在具体教学中可能出现的问题及其应对策略。希望为对外汉语高级阶段汉字本体及其相关文化教学提供一些借鉴。
[Abstract]:The Chinese character is closely related to the Chinese language and the culture of the Han nationality. In the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, the teaching of Chinese characters should be paid more attention to, especially at the advanced stage of Chinese character acquisition. The language learners can form a systematic "Chinese character thinking". However, due to the long-term use of the "word standard" teaching theory in Chinese as a foreign language, there is not enough attention to the teaching of Chinese characters, and there is no specific and specific theoretical discussion on the teaching of Chinese characters at the advanced stage. In practice, the teaching of Chinese characters at the advanced stage is almost empty. The white situation.
In view of the importance of the teaching of Chinese characters at the advanced stage and the serious disconnection between the task of teaching content and the present situation of teaching, this paper will work out a systematic Chinese character teaching scheme for advanced students and try to apply it to practical teaching. The main teaching method used in this scheme is the common radical teaching method.
The common radicals are based on the 201 main radicals and 100 attached radicals in the Chinese character 's radicals, screening out the 142 radicals in the modern Chinese characters with high word formation rate and commonly used in the international student examination. The chief cultural display of common radicals is the main way to teach the 142 departments to show them properly in front of the students in order to achieve the goal of Chinese character teaching at the advanced stage.
At the end of this paper, we analyze the possible problems and Countermeasures in the teaching of Chinese characters' common radicals in specific teaching, and hope to provide some reference for the teaching of Chinese characters and their related culture in the advanced stage of Chinese as a foreign language.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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