幽默话语翻译：基于德国功能主义的系统策略

发布时间：2018-09-07 10:59

【摘要】：由于幽默话语的特殊性质和特点，幽默话语翻译成了翻译实践的难点之一。自然，相关的研究取得了一些成就，形成了关于幽默话语翻译的某些观点、理论、方法和程序。然而，迄今的研究却往往在理论基础和研究方法上缺乏足够的系统性，需要辅以更为综合的研究。为此，本文以贾正传的翻译辩证系统观和德国功能译论为基础，以现有的研究成果为资源，，采用演绎与归纳、综合与分析相结合的理论研究方法，对幽默话语翻译予以综合探讨，并提出一套基于德国功能译论的幽默话语翻译系统策略。首先，提出的这套策略包含一个基于德国功能译论的幽默话语翻译系统观念和理论系统：幽默话语翻译在总体上是一种语境化的、有目的的、交际性和艺术性的、跨语言、跨话语、跨认知、跨心理、跨社会、跨文化的幽默话语处理活动,在本体上由发起者、主管者、原文作者、原文读者、译者、译文读者、译文用户、原文、译文、目的、策略及其他成分按特定的差异互补、竞争协同关系构成，在外部受情景和社会文化语境的制约，并在语境中执行语言、艺术、心理、认知、社会、文化等若干方面的功能，特别是幽默传递功能，在时间上体现为不断的原文理解与译文表达过程。幽默话语翻译在其总体、内部、外部和时间上分别呈现出各种具体化的辩证关联性、辩证整体性、辩证开放性、辩证动态性等特性。其次，这套策略包含一个基于德国功能译论的幽默话语翻译系统原则和技巧系统：其规则包括四条，即总体关联原则（“总体把握所有方面”）、高度开放原则（“放眼环境相关因素”）、多维统一原则（“兼顾多种内部联系”）（其中包括三个分则，即目的性分则——“达到译文目的”、连贯性分则——“迎合用户需要”、忠实性分则——“忠实原文作者”）、多元动态原则（“透视翻译多元过程”）。其技巧系统由与原则相统一的四个步骤和多种技巧构成，其四个步骤包括总体考虑、语境入手、结构分析、过程透视，其技巧包括各种记录性翻译和工具性翻译技巧，如逐词翻译、语法翻译、注释翻译、异化翻译、同功翻译、异功翻译、相仿翻译等。本文的研究成果对幽默话语翻译不仅具有较为重要的实践价值，而且还具有重要的理论意义。它一方面有助于通过提高译者系统认识幽默话语翻译的本质和特性、系统组织和运用各种翻译原则和技巧的能力，优化幽默话语翻译的实践；一方面也在一定程度上有助于弥补幽默话语翻译研究的理论基础和方法不够系统的缺陷。
[Abstract]:Because of the special nature and characteristics of humorous discourse, humorous discourse translation has become one of the difficulties in translation practice. Naturally, some achievements have been made in the study of humorous discourse translation, which has resulted in some ideas, theories, methods and procedures. However, so far, the research often lacks sufficient systematicness in theory foundation and research method, and needs more comprehensive research. Therefore, on the basis of Jia Zhengzhuan's dialectical system of translation and German functional translation theory, and with the existing research results as the resources, this paper adopts a theoretical research method which combines deduction and induction, synthesis and analysis. This paper makes a comprehensive study of humorous discourse translation and proposes a set of humorous discourse translation system strategies based on German functional translation theory. First of all, the proposed strategy contains a systematic concept and theoretical system of humorous discourse translation based on German functional translation theory: humor discourse translation is, in general, contextualized, purposeful, communicative and artistic, cross-lingual. Cross-discourse, cross-cognitive, cross-psychological, cross-social, cross-cultural humor discourse processing activities, in the ontology by the initiator, supervisor, the original author, the original reader, the user, the original, the translation, the purpose. Strategies and other elements complement each other according to specific differences, which are composed of competitive and synergetic relationships, which are restricted by the external context and sociocultural context, and perform the functions of language, art, psychology, cognition, society, culture, and so on in the context. In particular, the function of humor transmission is embodied in the process of continuous understanding of the original text and the expression of the target text in time. Humor discourse translation has the characteristics of overall, internal, external and temporal dialectical relevance, dialectical integrity, dialectical openness, dialectical dynamics and so on. Secondly, the strategy contains a system of principles and techniques for humorous discourse translation based on German functional translation theory. That is, the principle of overall relevance ("overall mastery of all aspects"), the principle of high openness ("looking at context-related factors"), the principle of multidimensional unity ("taking into account multiple internal linkages") (which includes three sub-rules, That is, the purposive subrule-"achieving the purpose of translation", the "coherence subrule"-"meeting the needs of the user", the "faithfulness subrule"-"faithful original author"), and the principle of multivariate dynamics ("perspective translation multivariate process"). Its skill system consists of four steps and a variety of skills which are integrated with principle. The four steps include overall consideration, context, structure analysis, process perspective, and various techniques of documentary translation and instrumental translation. Such as word-to-word translation, grammar translation, annotation translation, foreignization translation, etc. The research results of this paper not only have important practical value for humorous discourse translation, but also have important theoretical significance. On the one hand, it helps to improve the translator's ability to systematically understand the nature and characteristics of humorous discourse translation and to systematically organize and apply various translation principles and techniques to optimize the practice of humorous discourse translation. On the one hand, it helps to make up for the deficiency of the theoretical basis and method of humor discourse translation to some extent.
【学位授予单位】：鲁东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H059

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