对外汉语教学中的主谓谓语句研究
发布时间：2018-09-09 14:02
【摘要】：主谓谓语句是汉语独具特色的一种句子类型，前人对主谓谓语句的本体研究成果和理论体系已是相当丰富，但是在对外汉语偏误和教学方面的研究却屈指可数。教学语法与理论语法是相辅相成的，本体理论研究的目的最终是为了服务于教学。本文在主谓谓语句已有本体研究的基础上，本着为对外汉语教学服务的的宗旨，从几个方面对主谓谓语句进行了深入的研究。 绪论部分简要介绍了主谓谓语句的选题价值、研究现状及不足、理论来源、研究范围和方法以及语料来源。 第二章主谓谓语句本体研究部分首先从主谓谓语句的生成及存在机制、主谓谓语句的范围和类型以及主谓谓语句的语篇功能三大方面总结了主谓谓语句的本体研究成果。其次，本体研究中也存在着一些问题，主要集中于对该句式的范围和类型的争论。本文认为造成争论的本质原因是划分角度的不同，因此在总结主谓谓语句本体研究成果的同时从语法角度确定主语的方法出发，划分了主谓谓语句的三个大类七个小类，在主谓谓语句本体争论的焦点内容方面提出了自己的一点见解，为留学生偏误分析打下基础。 第三章考察留学生习得主谓谓语句的情况。为了研究对外汉语教学中主谓谓语句的教学与存在的问题，笔者结合了平时的教学实践和收集的相关资料建立了留学生主谓谓语句中介语语料库。针对语料库分析中的缺点和不足，还对来自山东师范大学和其它高校的100名中高级阶段的留学生做了问卷调查，得到74份有效问卷。调查问卷按照考察学生识别、理解和运用主谓谓语句的不同层次和难度，分为判断、完成句子、完成对话和作文四个大题，力求多层次反映学生主谓谓语句的习得状况。本文通过对综合语料的统计和分析，发现总结了留学生错误率高的主谓谓语句类型，它们分别是施事+受事+VP、环境+施事+VP、涉事+施事+VP、主事+谓词+VP、受事+施事+VP、对象+施事+VP类主谓谓语句。按照顺序排出了主谓谓语句的的习得顺序，分别是领事类受事类主事类施事类涉事类对象类环境类。 第四章在第三章基础上，对对外汉语教材编排和教学策略、方法等方面提出了一些建议，建议采取灵活有效的编写方式、教学策略和教学方法，注重全面、深入地分析方法，注重交际功用，，注重语篇运用以及注重口语语体。 结语部分总结了本文的主要成果，并指出了本文的不足之处。 总之，本体和对外汉语研究是相辅相成的，本体为对外汉语教学打下坚实的理论基础，对外汉语教学研究会充实本体理论。本体研究给偏误分析提供理论支持，偏误分析研究应该体现到教材中，教材对课堂教学起到指导作用。同时，课堂教学会检验理论研究的正确性和教材的合理性，从而又反过来促进主谓谓语句的理论研究。
[Abstract]:Subject-predicate sentence is a unique type of sentence in Chinese. Previous studies on subject-predicate sentence ontology and its theoretical system are quite rich, but there are few studies on errors and teaching in TCSL. Based on the existing ontology of subject-predicate sentences, this paper makes a thorough study of subject-predicate sentences from several aspects in order to serve the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.
The introduction briefly introduces the value of subject-predicate-predicate sentences, the current research situation and shortcomings, theoretical sources, research scope and methods, as well as the source of corpus.
In the second chapter, the ontology of subject-predicate-predicate sentences is studied. Firstly, the ontology of subject-predicate-predicate sentences is summarized from three aspects: the generation and existence mechanism of subject-predicate sentences, the scope and type of subject-predicate sentences, and the textual function of subject-predicate-predicate sentences. This paper argues that the essential reason for the controversy is the difference in the angle of division. Therefore, starting from the method of determining the subject from the grammatical point of view while summarizing the research results of the subject-predicate sentence ontology, this paper divides the subject-predicate sentence into three major categories and seven small categories, and puts forward the focus of the controversy on the subject-predicate sentence ontology. A little bit of insight has laid the foundation for error analysis of overseas students.
Chapter 3 examines the acquisition of subject-predicate-predicate sentences by foreign students. In order to study the teaching of subject-predicate-predicate sentences and the existing problems in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, the author establishes an interlanguage corpus of subject-predicate sentences by foreign students based on the usual teaching practice and relevant data collected. According to the different levels and difficulties of students'identification, comprehension and use of subject-predicate sentences, the questionnaire is divided into four major topics: judgment, sentence completion, dialogue and composition, and tries to reflect students' subject-predicate sentences at different levels. This paper summarizes the types of Subject-predicate predicate sentences with high error rate of foreign students by statistics and analysis of comprehensive corpus. They are agent+patient+VP, environment+agent+VP, agent+agent+VP, subject+predicate+VP, patient+agent+VP, object+agent+VP. The order of acquisition of statements is the category of the object category of the consular class.
On the basis of Chapter Three, Chapter Four puts forward some suggestions on the arrangement of teaching materials, teaching strategies and methods, and suggests flexible and effective methods of compiling, teaching strategies and teaching methods, paying attention to comprehensive and in-depth analysis, communicative functions, textual use and oral style.
The conclusion summarizes the main achievements of this paper and points out the shortcomings of this paper.
In a word, noumenon and TCFL research complement each other, noumenon lays a solid theoretical foundation for TCFL, and TCFL research enriches ontology theory. Learn to test the validity of theoretical research and the rationality of textbooks, thereby in turn promoting the theoretical study of subject-predicate sentences.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195
本文编号：2232598
[Abstract]:Subject-predicate sentence is a unique type of sentence in Chinese. Previous studies on subject-predicate sentence ontology and its theoretical system are quite rich, but there are few studies on errors and teaching in TCSL. Based on the existing ontology of subject-predicate sentences, this paper makes a thorough study of subject-predicate sentences from several aspects in order to serve the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language.
The introduction briefly introduces the value of subject-predicate-predicate sentences, the current research situation and shortcomings, theoretical sources, research scope and methods, as well as the source of corpus.
In the second chapter, the ontology of subject-predicate-predicate sentences is studied. Firstly, the ontology of subject-predicate-predicate sentences is summarized from three aspects: the generation and existence mechanism of subject-predicate sentences, the scope and type of subject-predicate sentences, and the textual function of subject-predicate-predicate sentences. This paper argues that the essential reason for the controversy is the difference in the angle of division. Therefore, starting from the method of determining the subject from the grammatical point of view while summarizing the research results of the subject-predicate sentence ontology, this paper divides the subject-predicate sentence into three major categories and seven small categories, and puts forward the focus of the controversy on the subject-predicate sentence ontology. A little bit of insight has laid the foundation for error analysis of overseas students.
Chapter 3 examines the acquisition of subject-predicate-predicate sentences by foreign students. In order to study the teaching of subject-predicate-predicate sentences and the existing problems in teaching Chinese as a foreign language, the author establishes an interlanguage corpus of subject-predicate sentences by foreign students based on the usual teaching practice and relevant data collected. According to the different levels and difficulties of students'identification, comprehension and use of subject-predicate sentences, the questionnaire is divided into four major topics: judgment, sentence completion, dialogue and composition, and tries to reflect students' subject-predicate sentences at different levels. This paper summarizes the types of Subject-predicate predicate sentences with high error rate of foreign students by statistics and analysis of comprehensive corpus. They are agent+patient+VP, environment+agent+VP, agent+agent+VP, subject+predicate+VP, patient+agent+VP, object+agent+VP. The order of acquisition of statements is the category of the object category of the consular class.
On the basis of Chapter Three, Chapter Four puts forward some suggestions on the arrangement of teaching materials, teaching strategies and methods, and suggests flexible and effective methods of compiling, teaching strategies and teaching methods, paying attention to comprehensive and in-depth analysis, communicative functions, textual use and oral style.
The conclusion summarizes the main achievements of this paper and points out the shortcomings of this paper.
In a word, noumenon and TCFL research complement each other, noumenon lays a solid theoretical foundation for TCFL, and TCFL research enriches ontology theory. Learn to test the validity of theoretical research and the rationality of textbooks, thereby in turn promoting the theoretical study of subject-predicate sentences.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195
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