对句式“一边A一边B”中B的限定研究

发布时间：2018-09-10 19:21

【摘要】：句子是基本的语言单位,也是涵盖内容最为丰富的教学单位之一。它既呈现了词、短语的使用规律,又包含了汉语的语法点,有的句子还具有语篇功能。句式是依据句子的局部特征归纳出来的。在对外汉语教学中,句式的教学是最基本且最重要的内容,它涉及到词、短语的功能,语法点的编排、课文的呈现等。在现行通用的教材中,无论是针对留学生如何应对HSK考试的教材,还是以提高留学生汉语的某种能力为目标的教材,语法大部分都是直接以句式的形式展现给留学生的。因此,从对外汉语教学的角度讲,句式教学是一个重点内容。从留学生学习汉语的角度考虑,句式的学习直接影响到学生的口语和书面表达,影响到他们对汉语的掌握程度和运用程度。所以,留学生能否正确运用所学句式是衡量我们对外汉语教学的一项重要标准,教什么、怎样教,就显得尤为重要。从留学生的学习情况来看,虚词是他们学习的难点,含有虚词的句式也就成为学习的重点,如“一边A一边B”就是这样一个含有虚词的对称句式。众所周知,动词是汉语词类里面最为活跃的一类词,而句式“一边A一边B”总是和动词或动词短语分不开的,所以句式“一边A一边B”在日常生活中出现的频率也较高。本文分析了大量语料,发现留学生在使用这个句式时出现的偏误比较多,发现句式“一边A一边B”中A和B的的内部结构、A与B之间的关系,尤其是B的成分情况较为复杂。本文从历时和共时两个方面对句式“一边A一边B”进行深入地探讨和研究。首先从纵向考察词语“边”、“一边”在古典文献中出现的情况,探索句式“一边A一边B”的历时演变过程；继而应用语法的三个平面理论从横向分析句式“一边A一边B”的句法结构、语义、语用环境等；最后把研究结论应用于分析这个句式的偏误成因,对教学提出可行的参考意见和建议。本文这样做的目的,是为了对句式“一边A一边B”作一个更为准确、深入、全面、详尽的解释。第一部分是绪论,主要陈述选题的目的和意义、研究方法和理论框架、国内外的研究现状。第二部分从历时的角度对句式“一边A一边B”的形成过程进行考察,探索“一边”的语法化过程及句式“一边A一边B”的历时演变过程。第三部分运用语法的三个平面理论对句式“一边A一边B”进行句法、语义、语用的探究,阐述各种因素对B的限定作用,同时把句式“一边A一边B”与体助词“着”、“了”、“过”的共现情况作出归纳,与其他容易混淆的句式进行简要的比较分析。第四部分分析留学生在使用句式“一边A一边B”时出现的偏误,并找出偏误的原因,根据前文的研究结果提出教学建议和意见。第五部分是小结,归纳总结全文内容。
[Abstract]:Sentence is the basic language unit and one of the most abundant teaching units. It not only presents the rules of using words and phrases, but also contains the grammatical points of Chinese. Some sentences also have textual functions. Sentence patterns are summed up according to the local characteristics of sentences. In the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, the teaching of sentence patterns is the most basic and the most important. It involves the function of words and phrases, the arrangement of grammatical points, the presentation of texts and so on. In the current general textbooks, whether for foreign students how to deal with HSK test textbooks, or to improve foreign students'Chinese language ability as the goal of teaching materials, grammar is mostly directly displayed to foreign students in the form of sentence patterns. Therefore, from the perspective of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, sentence pattern teaching is a key content. From the perspective of foreign students learning Chinese, sentence pattern learning has a direct impact on students'oral and written expression, and affects their mastery and application of Chinese. An important criterion in Chinese teaching is to teach and teach.
As far as foreign students are concerned, function words are difficult for them to learn, and sentence patterns containing function words become the focus of their study. For example, one side A and one side B is such a symmetrical sentence pattern containing function words. This paper analyzes a large number of corpus and finds that foreign students make more errors in using this sentence pattern. It is found that the internal structure of A and B in the sentence pattern "A and B on one side" and the relationship between A and B, especially the composition of B, are more frequent. It's complex.
This paper makes a thorough study of the sentence pattern "one side A and one side B" from both diachronic and synchronic perspectives. Firstly, it examines vertically the occurrence of the word "side A and one side B" in the classical literature, and explores the diachronic evolution of the sentence pattern "one side A and one side B"; then it applies the three plane theories of grammar to analyze the sentence pattern horizontally. The purpose of this paper is to give a more accurate, thorough, comprehensive and detailed explanation of the sentence "A side B".
The first part is the introduction, which mainly states the purpose and significance of the topic, research methods and theoretical framework, and research status at home and abroad.
The second part investigates the formation process of the sentence pattern "one side A and one side B" from the diachronic point of view, and explores the grammaticalization process of "one side" and the diachronic evolution process of the sentence pattern "one side A and one side B".
The third part explores the syntax, semantics and pragmatics of the sentence pattern "one side A and one side B" by using the three plane theories of grammar, expounds the restrictive effects of various factors on B, and sums up the co-occurrence of the sentence pattern "one side A and one side B" and the auxiliary particle "zhe", "lai" and "Guo", and makes a brief introduction to other easily confused sentence patterns. Comparative analysis.
The fourth part analyzes the errors of foreign students when they use the sentence "one side A and one side B", and finds out the reasons for the errors, and puts forward some teaching suggestions and suggestions according to the previous research results.
The fifth part is a brief summary of the full text.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146

【参考文献】