虚词“在”与“给”的题元标记功能羡余问题及相关格式研究
发布时间：2018-10-12 18:15
【摘要】：汉语中的羡余现象指的是汉语中一些语言形式只有语言形式而没有语义内容的现象,即某些词汇成分或句法结构成分超过了表达意义的需要,语言形式相对于语义有所剩余,我们把这些成分称为“羡余成分”。现代汉语中的羡余现象存在于语音层面、汉字层面、词汇层面和句法层面。目前研究的关注点主要是词汇语义层面羡余现象,对句法语义层面的研究还未系统深入。前辈们对句法语义层面羡余现象的研究主要集中在虚词的否定标记功能的羡余问题研究,但对虚i的题元标记功能的羡余问题还没有太多深入的研究。我们认为对此羡余现象的研究是有必要而且是由价值的。因此,木文从考察虚词的语义标记功能这一角度重点研究虚词的题元标记功能的羡余问题。 本文第一章为绪论部分,在总结前辈时贤的研究成果的基础上,对本文中的“羡余”加以界定,关注句法语义层面的羡余,并且试图从语义语法学的角度将虚词作为一种语义标记,在句中标记各种语义功能,它在句中的缺省,表现在语义上,会影响到句子的真值意义,表现在句法上,会影响到句子组成单位之间的结构关系,甚至影响句子合法度或可接受度。如果句子中有另外的成分或是手段具有同莫个虚词相同的语义标记功能,那么这个虚词的语义标记就羡余了,但是不是羡余成分还要做具体分析。另外还说明了.与本文研究的相关理论前提和研究方法. 第二章宏观考察了汉语虚词题元标记功能羡余现象。说明了虚词语义标记功能的类别,并描写了虚词题元功能羡余的两种情况：一是虚词与虚词之间的题元功能羡余。二是虚词与其他语法手段之间的题元功能羡余 第三章在第二章描写的基础上,分析了汉语虚词题元功能羡余产生的原因与过程,重点考察了介词“在”与方位词同现的产生和介词“把”、“被”与助词“同现的产生,并且进一步指出虚词题元功能羡余后可能会出现的两种结果。 第四章专门考察了“在”的处所题元标记功能羡余问题。指出“在”的处所题元功能羡余直接导致其弱化,从而影响了“V在L”格式的重新分析。文中还进一步分析了“在”等前置介词因题元功能羡余而弱化或脱落,破坏了联系项居中原则,从而对介词短语前移产生一定的影响。 第五章考察了“在起”格式中“在”的羡余问题。先是描写了“一起”的句法特点和语义功能,然后分析了“在一起”位于V前和V后两种情况下“在”的处所题元标记功能羡余问题。 第六章考察了助词“给”的题元标记功能羡余问题。首先分析了助词“给”的两种产生途径,在其基础上分析了“把……给……”和“被……给……”两种格式中“给”的羡余问题。
[Abstract]:The envious phenomenon in Chinese refers to the phenomenon that some linguistic forms in Chinese have only linguistic forms but no semantic content, that is, some lexical or syntactic components exceed the need of expressing meaning, and language forms are surplus relative to semantics. We call these ingredients "envy surplus". The envy phenomenon in modern Chinese exists in phonetic level, Chinese character level, lexical level and syntactic level. At present, the research focus is mainly on the lexical semantic level, but the syntactic and semantic level has not been systematically studied. The previous researches on the phenomenon of envious redundancy in syntactic and semantic level are mainly focused on the study of envious redundancy of the function of negative markers of function words, but there is not much in-depth study on the problem of envious redundancy of the function of virtual I's meta-mark. We believe that the study of this phenomenon is necessary and valuable. Therefore, from the point of view of examining the function of semantic markers of function words, the paper focuses on the question of the envious surplus of the function words' function of meta-tagging. The first chapter of this paper is the introduction part. On the basis of summarizing the research results of the predecessors, the author defines the "envious surplus" in this paper and pays close attention to the envious surplus in syntactic and semantic aspects. And try to use function words as a kind of semantic marker from the perspective of semantic grammar, mark various semantic functions in the sentence, its default in the sentence, expressed in the semantics, will affect the true value meaning of the sentence, express in the syntax. It will affect the structural relationship between sentence units and even the degree of legality or acceptability of sentences. If there are other elements or means in the sentence which have the same function of semantic marker as the function word, then the semantic marker of the function word is envious, but it is not the element of envy that needs to be analyzed concretely. It also explains. And the relevant theoretical premise and research methods of this paper. The second chapter studies the phenomenon of envious function of Chinese function words. This paper explains the categories of semantic tagging functions of function words and describes the two situations of envious functions of function words' metafunctions: one is the envious functions of function words and function words. The third chapter, based on the description of the second chapter, analyzes the causes and processes of the Chinese function words. This paper focuses on the emergence of prepositions "cooccurrence" with locative words and the co-occurrence of prepositions "Ba", "be" and "auxiliary words", and further points out two possible results after the function of functional words is envious. The fourth chapter is devoted to the question of envious function of locative meta-marking in Zao. It is pointed out that the envious surplus of the place meta-function of "Zai" directly leads to its weakening, thus affecting the re-analysis of "V in L" format. The article further analyses that the prepositions such as "Zai" weaken or fall off because of the envious function of the topic, and destroy the principle of connection items being centered, thus having a certain influence on the forward movement of prepositional phrases. The fifth chapter examines the envious problem of Ze in the form of Zenqi. This paper first describes the syntactic features and semantic functions of "together", then analyzes the "together" in the two situations of "together" in front of V and after "V". Chapter six examines the envious function of the auxiliary word "give". Firstly, this paper analyzes the two ways to produce the auxiliary word "giving", and on the basis of it, analyzes the "handle". Here. " And "by. Here. " The problem of "giving" in the two formats.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2267125
[Abstract]:The envious phenomenon in Chinese refers to the phenomenon that some linguistic forms in Chinese have only linguistic forms but no semantic content, that is, some lexical or syntactic components exceed the need of expressing meaning, and language forms are surplus relative to semantics. We call these ingredients "envy surplus". The envy phenomenon in modern Chinese exists in phonetic level, Chinese character level, lexical level and syntactic level. At present, the research focus is mainly on the lexical semantic level, but the syntactic and semantic level has not been systematically studied. The previous researches on the phenomenon of envious redundancy in syntactic and semantic level are mainly focused on the study of envious redundancy of the function of negative markers of function words, but there is not much in-depth study on the problem of envious redundancy of the function of virtual I's meta-mark. We believe that the study of this phenomenon is necessary and valuable. Therefore, from the point of view of examining the function of semantic markers of function words, the paper focuses on the question of the envious surplus of the function words' function of meta-tagging. The first chapter of this paper is the introduction part. On the basis of summarizing the research results of the predecessors, the author defines the "envious surplus" in this paper and pays close attention to the envious surplus in syntactic and semantic aspects. And try to use function words as a kind of semantic marker from the perspective of semantic grammar, mark various semantic functions in the sentence, its default in the sentence, expressed in the semantics, will affect the true value meaning of the sentence, express in the syntax. It will affect the structural relationship between sentence units and even the degree of legality or acceptability of sentences. If there are other elements or means in the sentence which have the same function of semantic marker as the function word, then the semantic marker of the function word is envious, but it is not the element of envy that needs to be analyzed concretely. It also explains. And the relevant theoretical premise and research methods of this paper. The second chapter studies the phenomenon of envious function of Chinese function words. This paper explains the categories of semantic tagging functions of function words and describes the two situations of envious functions of function words' metafunctions: one is the envious functions of function words and function words. The third chapter, based on the description of the second chapter, analyzes the causes and processes of the Chinese function words. This paper focuses on the emergence of prepositions "cooccurrence" with locative words and the co-occurrence of prepositions "Ba", "be" and "auxiliary words", and further points out two possible results after the function of functional words is envious. The fourth chapter is devoted to the question of envious function of locative meta-marking in Zao. It is pointed out that the envious surplus of the place meta-function of "Zai" directly leads to its weakening, thus affecting the re-analysis of "V in L" format. The article further analyses that the prepositions such as "Zai" weaken or fall off because of the envious function of the topic, and destroy the principle of connection items being centered, thus having a certain influence on the forward movement of prepositional phrases. The fifth chapter examines the envious problem of Ze in the form of Zenqi. This paper first describes the syntactic features and semantic functions of "together", then analyzes the "together" in the two situations of "together" in front of V and after "V". Chapter six examines the envious function of the auxiliary word "give". Firstly, this paper analyzes the two ways to produce the auxiliary word "giving", and on the basis of it, analyzes the "handle". Here. " And "by. Here. " The problem of "giving" in the two formats.
【学位授予单位】：上海师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H146
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1 蒋同林;试论动介复合词[J];安徽师大学报(哲学社会科学版);1982年01期
2 冯光武;汉语语用标记语的语义、语用分析[J];现代外语;2004年01期
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