“使”字句与致使标记
发布时间：2018-10-14 11:05
【摘要】：介词是汉语的重要表意手段之一，它附着于体词性词语之前，标记该体词与句子谓语动词的语义关系。大部分介词是由动词虚化而来，由于虚化的不彻底性，从而出现了一些词语同时兼有动词和介词两种词性。 本文从“使”字句中“使”的词性划分入手，结合认知语言学范畴理论来分析表示致使义的“使”的词性，力求解决“使”在词性上的争议问题。同时从语法化演变的角度梳理“使”的词性演变历程及“使”字句作为致使义标志句式的形成过程，得出“使”词性的动态特征，“使”最初是表示“出使”的动词，经过词义引申、致使义泛化、动词性弱化等一系列演变发展，目前仍旧处于虚化过程之中，兼有动词的语义和介词的语法特征，动词性非常弱，介词特征明显，是一个处于虚化过程末端的争议性词语。 在明确“使”词性特征的基础上，本文展开对“使”字句多层面的深入分析，主要从“使”字句的句法结构、构成成分、语义内涵、语用功能四个角度入手，结合大量的例句，通过横向、纵向的对比，透彻整合“使”字句的语法语义语用特征。通过对介词短语的句法功能的分析，得出“使”字句是一个以介词短语作谓语的介词谓语句。将“使”字句分为前段、中段、后段三个部分，详细描述了各个部分的构成成分及成分特点，以求明确“使”字句作为特殊介词标记句式的句式特征。同时本文详细分析了致使的语义内涵，，区别了致使关系和因果关系、致使主体和致使原因等语义概念，完善了致使的语义功能分类，论述了“使”字句的省略、语序、倒装等语用问题。 深入分析“使”字句内部特征后，本文总结了表达致使意义的多种致使结构，通过语义语用的对比，深入剖析了“使”字句与其他致使结构的共通与差异，从而得到“使”字句在表达致使意义上的优势同时从历史发展角度描述了“使”字句发展历程，并且详细描述了各个发展阶段的语义和句法特征,以达到从横向和纵向两个维度分析之所以“使”字句能够取代其他致使结构最终成为典型致使标记句式的原因。
[Abstract]:Preposition is one of the important ideographic means in Chinese. It is attached to the aspect word and marks the semantic relationship between the aspect word and the sentence predicate verb. The majority of prepositions come from the verbalism. Because of the inthoroughness, some words have both verb and prepositional parts of speech at the same time. This paper begins with the division of the part of speech in the sentence of "Zheng", analyzes the part of speech of the causative meaning by combining the category theory of cognitive linguistics, and tries to solve the controversial problem of "Zheng" in the aspect of part of speech. At the same time, from the angle of grammaticalization evolution, this paper combs the evolvement course of the part of speech and the forming process of the sentence of "making" as a sentence of causative meaning, and obtains the dynamic characteristics of the part of speech and the verb of "making" at first. Through the extension of word meaning, resulting in a series of evolution and development, such as generalization of meaning and weakening of verb, it is still in the process of vacuity at present, and it has the semantic and grammatical characteristics of preposition, the verb is very weak, and the preposition is obvious. It is a controversial word at the end of the empty process. On the basis of defining the characteristics of "Zheng", this paper makes a deep analysis of the "Zheng" sentence from four angles: syntactic structure, composition, semantic connotation and pragmatic function, combining with a large number of examples. Through horizontal and vertical contrast, the grammatical and semantic features of the sentence are thoroughly integrated. Based on the analysis of the syntactic function of prepositional phrases, it is concluded that "Zheng" sentence is a prepositional predicate sentence with prepositional phrase as predicate. This paper divides the sentence into three parts: the former, the middle and the latter. The composition and characteristics of each part are described in detail in order to clarify the structural characteristics of the sentence as a special preposition. At the same time, this paper analyzes the semantic connotation of causation in detail, distinguishes the semantic concepts of causation and causality, causes subject and causation, consummates the classification of semantic functions of causation, and discusses the omission and word order of "cause". Pragmatic problems such as inversion. After deeply analyzing the internal characteristics of "Zheng" sentence, this paper summarizes the various causative structures expressing causative meaning, and through the comparison of semantic pragmatics, deeply analyzes the similarities and differences between "Zheng" sentence and other causative structures. Thus, the advantages of the sentence in expressing causative meaning are obtained. At the same time, from the perspective of historical development, the development course of the sentence is described, and the semantic and syntactic characteristics of each stage of development are described in detail. In order to achieve from the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the analysis of the "make" sentence can replace other causative structure and eventually become the typical causative marker sentence.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146
本文编号：2270266
[Abstract]:Preposition is one of the important ideographic means in Chinese. It is attached to the aspect word and marks the semantic relationship between the aspect word and the sentence predicate verb. The majority of prepositions come from the verbalism. Because of the inthoroughness, some words have both verb and prepositional parts of speech at the same time. This paper begins with the division of the part of speech in the sentence of "Zheng", analyzes the part of speech of the causative meaning by combining the category theory of cognitive linguistics, and tries to solve the controversial problem of "Zheng" in the aspect of part of speech. At the same time, from the angle of grammaticalization evolution, this paper combs the evolvement course of the part of speech and the forming process of the sentence of "making" as a sentence of causative meaning, and obtains the dynamic characteristics of the part of speech and the verb of "making" at first. Through the extension of word meaning, resulting in a series of evolution and development, such as generalization of meaning and weakening of verb, it is still in the process of vacuity at present, and it has the semantic and grammatical characteristics of preposition, the verb is very weak, and the preposition is obvious. It is a controversial word at the end of the empty process. On the basis of defining the characteristics of "Zheng", this paper makes a deep analysis of the "Zheng" sentence from four angles: syntactic structure, composition, semantic connotation and pragmatic function, combining with a large number of examples. Through horizontal and vertical contrast, the grammatical and semantic features of the sentence are thoroughly integrated. Based on the analysis of the syntactic function of prepositional phrases, it is concluded that "Zheng" sentence is a prepositional predicate sentence with prepositional phrase as predicate. This paper divides the sentence into three parts: the former, the middle and the latter. The composition and characteristics of each part are described in detail in order to clarify the structural characteristics of the sentence as a special preposition. At the same time, this paper analyzes the semantic connotation of causation in detail, distinguishes the semantic concepts of causation and causality, causes subject and causation, consummates the classification of semantic functions of causation, and discusses the omission and word order of "cause". Pragmatic problems such as inversion. After deeply analyzing the internal characteristics of "Zheng" sentence, this paper summarizes the various causative structures expressing causative meaning, and through the comparison of semantic pragmatics, deeply analyzes the similarities and differences between "Zheng" sentence and other causative structures. Thus, the advantages of the sentence in expressing causative meaning are obtained. At the same time, from the perspective of historical development, the development course of the sentence is described, and the semantic and syntactic characteristics of each stage of development are described in detail. In order to achieve from the horizontal and vertical dimensions of the analysis of the "make" sentence can replace other causative structure and eventually become the typical causative marker sentence.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H146
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 刘忠华;现代汉语“使”字句与一般兼语句的区别[J];广西社会科学;2005年07期
2 周红;;汉语致使问题研究动态[J];汉语学习;2005年06期
3 张豫峰;;关于现代汉语致使态的思考[J];汉语学习;2007年06期
4 麻彩霞;;现代汉语介词语法化研究述评[J];汉字文化;2009年01期
5 陈昌来;论现代汉语的致使结构[J];井冈山师范学院学报;2001年03期
6 熊学亮,梁晓波;致使结构的原型研究[J];江西师范大学学报;2003年06期
7 陈俊芳;;现代汉语致使移动构式研究[J];宁夏大学学报(人文社会科学版);2009年04期
8 刘颂浩;;对外汉语听力教学研究述评[J];世界汉语教学;2001年01期
9 梁晓波,孙亚;致使概念的认知观[J];外国语(上海外国语大学学报);2002年04期
10 程琪龙;;致使对象角色的选择和操作[J];外国语(上海外国语大学学报);2007年01期
相关硕士学位论文 前1条
1 姚肖莺;汉语三种致使句的致使性等级考察[D];北京语言大学;2005年
本文编号：2270266
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/wenyilunwen/hanyulw/2270266.html
