对外汉字趣味性教学探讨

发布时间：2018-10-14 17:38

【摘要】：随着我国国际地位和影响力的提高,汉语也越来越为世人所认同,对外汉语教学也成为一门新兴的而且日益重要的学科。但是,综观对外汉语教学现状,尤其是对于母语为拼音文字的汉语学习者来说,汉字的读写能力习得明显滞后于听说能力习得。这主要有三发面原因：第一,汉字与拼音文字体系截然不同。拼音文字是由字母连缀而成的一维线性的表音符号,有固定的排列组合方式和规律准确的表音方式。汉字则是由横竖撇捺组成的二维立体的表意符号,相对似乎没有什么规律可循。第二,我国对外汉语教育起步较晚,仍处于探索阶段,尤其是课程设计方面多注重听说能力训练,而忽视了汉字读写能力培养,导致了学习者听说与读写能力的不平衡发展。第三,传统的笔画部件教学法形式过于单一,枯燥乏味,不利于汉字的识记。所以,我们对外汉语教学的重点及难点就在于如何提高学生学习汉字的兴趣。致力于解决这个问题,我们就要不断探索,勇于创新,打破传统汉字教学法的僵化模式,寓教于乐,不断进行对外汉字教学的趣味化尝试,让学生主动学,乐于学,轻松学,愉快学。自然效果就会事半功倍。本文旨在从汉字的结构体系、汉字的深层内涵、汉字教学策略三方面挖掘汉字的趣味性,让复杂的汉字立体、鲜活起来。学者们以往的研究大多处于理论层面,而且仅对其中某一点进行阐述,没有形成全面完整的体系。本文试从对外汉字教学的课堂实践着手,全面探讨对外汉字教学中趣味性原则的应用。本文综合了前人的研究成果,但不是单纯的罗列堆砌,是对这些原则的优化组合。单纯的某一种趣味性原则都不能涵盖所有汉字,同一个汉字可以适用于多个趣味性原则,所有对这些原则的结合运用避免了以偏概全,同时又有助于汉字的多角度理解。
[Abstract]:With the improvement of our country's international status and influence, Chinese language has become more and more recognized by the world, and teaching Chinese as a foreign language has become a new and increasingly important subject. However, looking at the current situation of teaching Chinese as a foreign language, especially for Chinese learners whose mother tongue is Pinyin, the acquisition of Chinese characters' reading and writing ability lags behind that of listening and speaking ability. There are three main reasons for this: first, Chinese characters and phonetic alphabet system are completely different. Phonetic characters are one-dimensional linear phonetic symbols composed of letters, which have fixed arrangement and combination and regular and accurate phonetic patterns. Chinese characters are two-dimensional ideographic symbols composed of vertical-skimming, which seems to have no rules to follow. Second, Chinese as a foreign language education in China starts late and is still in the exploratory stage. In particular, the curriculum design pays more attention to the training of listening and speaking ability, but neglects the cultivation of Chinese characters' reading and writing ability, which leads to the unbalanced development of learners' listening, speaking and reading ability. Third, the traditional teaching method of stroke parts is too single and boring, which is not conducive to the memorization of Chinese characters. Therefore, the focus and difficulty of teaching Chinese as a foreign language lies in how to improve students' interest in learning Chinese characters. To solve this problem, we should constantly explore, be bold in innovation, break the rigid mode of traditional Chinese character teaching method, teach in fun, keep trying to make foreign Chinese character teaching interesting, and let students take the initiative to learn, be willing to learn, and learn easily. Happy study. The natural effect will be doubled with half the effort. The purpose of this paper is to excavate the interest of Chinese characters from three aspects: the structure system of Chinese characters, the deep connotation of Chinese characters, and the teaching strategies of Chinese characters, so as to make the complicated Chinese characters three-dimensional and fresh. Most of the previous studies are on the theoretical level, and only one point is elaborated, which does not form a comprehensive and complete system. This paper tries to discuss the application of the principle of interest in the teaching of foreign Chinese characters from the classroom practice. This paper synthesizes the previous research results, but not simply lists and piles, is the optimized combination of these principles. A simple interesting principle can not cover all Chinese characters, the same Chinese character can be applied to many interesting principles, all the combination of these principles to avoid bias, but also conducive to the multi-angle understanding of Chinese characters.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：H195

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