跨文化交际中英汉体态语分析

发布时间：2018-10-19 18:00

【摘要】：在现实生活中，人与人之间进行交往时，经常把注意力集中于语言的交流沟通，却忽略了非语言沟通的存在。其实，非语言行为与语言要素就像是交际的左膀右臂，互相依存、相辅相成。对于身处不同文化背景中的人们来说，非语言交际显得尤为重要，会起到“此时无声胜有声”的效果。体态语作为非语言交际的重要组成部分，在跨文化交际的过程中，对语言交际发挥着辅助、支撑的重要作用，在成功交际的背后占据举足轻重的地位。受英汉两种不同文化背景的影响，英汉文化圈的人民在体态行为方面存在着众多的文化差别。本文将英汉体态语的对比放在跨文化交际的视角下进行分析，将跨文化交际学理论、社会文化学理论与体态语结合，运用对比语言学的相关理论和方法，对英汉文化背景下的体态语进行了综合的、双向的、多角度的对比分析。对比分析依据的材料主要是日常生活中实际使用的体态语和从中西方经典著作中收集的实例。本篇论文搜罗、整理了大量的例子，选出其中的典型案例，对其进行细致、深入的比较分析。本文共分为六个部分，具体内容如下：第一章，绪论。包括体态语的研究历史和现状、本文的研究工作两部分内容。第一节主要介绍了中西方对体态语研究的历史。第二节介绍了本文的研究思路和研究意义。第二章，体态语概说。这一部分分为三节，主要介绍关于体态语的理论性的内容，明确本文的研究对象。第一节介绍了体态语的含义。第二节对体态语的分类进行了论述。第三节从体态语与跨文化交际的交际进行阐释，主要包括两个方面，一是文化对体态语的影响，二是体态语在跨文化交际中的功能。第三章，跨文化交际中英汉体态语的分析。这一部分是本文的研究重点，从姿势、手势、面部表情、目光、体触行为五个方面对英汉进行了个性与共性的对比分析。这一部分内容为四、五章的对比发现和交际原则的论述奠定了基础。第四章，英汉体态语对比的发现。这一部分也是本文的论述重点。包括两节，第一节介绍了跨文化交际中英汉体态语的特性，传统性与时代性结合、普遍性与特殊性共存。第二节对造成这些异同的文化因素进行分析，主要从宗教文化和民族文化两方面展开论述。第五章，英汉体态语在跨文化交际中的应用。这一章主要介绍了跨文化交际中遇到的障碍，包括思维定势、文化偏见和民族中心主义三个方面。并针对英汉国家跨文化交际中遇到的障碍提出了几条运用体态语时应该遵循的交际原则，，包括知己知彼原则，准确适度、自然得体原则，求同存异并保持自我个性原则和入乡随俗原则。第六章为本文的结语。对本论文研究的基本情况进行了简要的概括。
[Abstract]:In real life, when people communicate with each other, they often focus on the communication of language, but ignore the existence of non-verbal communication. In fact, non-verbal behavior and language elements are like the right arm of communication, interdependent and complementary. For people from different cultural backgrounds, nonverbal communication is especially important, and it will have the effect of "silence is more moving than sound." As an important part of non-verbal communication, body language plays an important role in the process of cross-cultural communication and plays an important role in supporting language communication and plays a pivotal role in successful communication. Under the influence of two different cultural backgrounds, there are many cultural differences in the body behavior of the people in English and Chinese cultural circles. This paper analyzes the comparison between English and Chinese body language from the perspective of cross-cultural communication, combining the theory of cross-cultural communication, the theory of social culturology and body language, and applying the relevant theories and methods of contrastive linguistics. This paper makes a comprehensive, two-way and multi-angle contrastive analysis of body language in English and Chinese cultural background. The comparative analysis is based on the actual use of body language in daily life and examples collected from Chinese and Western classics. In this paper, a large number of examples are sorted out, and the typical cases are selected for detailed and in-depth comparative analysis. This paper is divided into six parts, the specific contents are as follows: chapter one, introduction. Including the body language research history and the present situation, this article research work two parts content. The first section mainly introduces the history of the study of body language between China and the West. The second section introduces the research ideas and significance of this paper. Chapter two, introduction of body language. This part is divided into three sections, mainly introduces the theoretical content of body language, clear the object of this paper. The first section introduces the meaning of body language. The second section discusses the classification of body language. The third section explains the body language and cross-cultural communication, mainly including two aspects, one is the influence of culture on body language, the other is the function of body language in cross-cultural communication. Chapter three, the analysis of English and Chinese body language in cross-cultural communication. This part is the focus of this paper, from the posture, gestures, facial expressions, eyes, body contact behavior in five aspects of personality and general analysis of English and Chinese. This part lays the foundation for the four and five chapters'contrastive discovery and the discussion of communicative principles. Chapter four, the contrastive findings between English and Chinese body language. This part is also the focus of this paper. The first section introduces the characteristics of English and Chinese body language in cross-cultural communication, the combination of tradition and times, and the coexistence of universality and particularity. The second section analyzes the cultural factors which cause these similarities and differences, mainly from religious culture and national culture. Chapter five, the application of English and Chinese body language in cross-cultural communication. This chapter mainly introduces the obstacles encountered in cross-cultural communication, including thinking stereotype, cultural prejudice and ethnocentrism. Aiming at the obstacles encountered in cross-cultural communication between English and Chinese countries, this paper puts forward several communicative principles that should be followed when using body language, including the principle of knowing one's own and one's own, the principle of accuracy and moderation, and the principle of natural appropriateness. Seek common ground while reserving difference and maintain self-individuality principle and go to the local custom principle. The sixth chapter is the conclusion of this paper. The basic situation of this paper is briefly summarized.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：H026.3

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